Perceptions on therapeutic modalities regarding the virulence and immunity of cutaneous leishmaniasis

Abstract

However, in visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the efficiency of antimonials deteriorates in immunocompromised patients [15] accentuating the essential role of immune competency. In the same context, SbV was found to be dependent on the

Lasers for cutaneous lesions: An update

“…Paradigm show laser production, spectra of light, and depth of penetration in leishmania infection in the skin 10 …”

“…60 In parasitic diseases, ND-YAG lasers can affect the viability of L. donovani and L. major promastigotes in vitro. 10,61,62 Warts are epidermal skin lesions caused by human papillomavirus. Both PDL and long-pulsed Nd: YAG lasers have been recognized to be efficient in the situations of cutaneous warts.…”

“…Additionally, Nd: YAG laser has proven to be an effective and secure therapy for onychomycosis 60 . In parasitic diseases, ND‐YAG lasers can affect the viability of L. donovani and L. major promastigotes in vitro 10,61,62 …”

Zoonotic parasites with significant importance for tropical dermatology

“…anti-leishmanial therapies include antimonials, pentamidine, miltefosine, amphotericin B, and paromomycin. El Saftawy et al [114] underlined the presence of several factors that hamper the healing of lesions such as virulence factors of the parasite; few of which are targeted by current drugs. Moreover, drug efficacy is declining in immune-suppressed subjects, due to generation of side effects, and occurrence of drug resistance.…”

“…Thus, raised arguments for new therapeutic modalities involve laser therapy and novel drug delivery systems such as metallocomplexes. Nd:YAG and CO 2 lasers are reported to enhance healing speed; however, successful laser therapies rely on the collaboration of several factors including host, parasite and laser issues [114,115] .…”