Perceptual Grouping During Binocular Rivalry in Mild Glaucoma

Tarita-Nistor, Luminita; Leibovitzh, Galia Issashar; Buys, Yvonne M.; Trope, Graham E.

doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.833150

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…In line with this, some studies reported abnormalities in perceptual, cognitive functions and sleep quality in glaucoma patients. For example, glaucoma patients were found to have elevated visual crowding effect 34 , impairments on perceptual switch during binocular rivalry [35][36][37] , declines in visual categorization 39,40 , visual attention 41 and cognitive capacity 39,40,42 as well as sleep disturbance 67,68 . Thus, we propose that there could be a functional link between GABA reduction and the reported abnormalities in glaucoma patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GABA decrease is associated with degraded neural specificity in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients

Bang

Parra

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Glaucoma is an age-related neurodegenerative disease of the visual system, affecting both the eye and the brain. Yet its underlying metabolic mechanisms and neurobehavioral relevance remain largely unclear. Here, using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the GABAergic and glutamatergic systems in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients, as well as neural specificity, which is shaped by GABA and glutamate signals and underlies efficient sensory and cognitive functions. Our study showed that among the older adults, both GABA and glutamate levels decrease with increasing glaucoma severity regardless of age. Further, the reduction of GABA but not glutamate predicted the neural specificity. This association was independent of the impairments on the retina structure and age. Our results suggest that glaucoma-specific decline of GABA undermines neural specificity in the visual cortex and that targeting GABA could improve the neural specificity in glaucoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relatedly, glaucoma patients were found to present impairments on some of the perceptual and cognitive functions where GABAergic signals are thought to be involved. These include abnormalities in visual crowding effect 34 , binocular rivalry [35][36][37][38] , visual categorization 39,40 , visual attention 41 , and cognitive capacity 42 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GABA decrease is associated with degraded neural specificity in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients

Bang

Parra

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Psychophysical measures were recorded during rivalry test and consisted of rivalry rate and total time of exclusive percept dominance. The rivalry test setup used was the same as previously reported (Tarita-Nistor et al, 2020 ; Issashar Leibovitzh et al, 2022 ). In summary, the rivalry stimuli were created using a graphics and psychophysics software VPixx (VPixx Technologies, Inc., Montreal, QC) and projected on an iMac computer screen with a resolution of 1,680 × 1,050 pixels.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is not understood if changes observed throughout the glaucomatous brain manifest in functional changes. Recently, we employed a binocular rivalry paradigm to probe the function of specific brain structures in patients with early glaucoma (Tarita-Nistor et al, 2019 , 2020 ; Issashar Leibovitzh et al, 2022 ). Binocular rivalry occurs when 2 different images are presented separately to each eye at the same retinal location and are viewed dichotically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In experiments of binocular rivalry using simple stimuli (i.e., sinewave gratings), compared to healthy controls, patients with early glaucoma had lower rivalry rate (i.e., number of perceptual switches per minute) and faster dominance wave propagation in conditions involving interhemispheric transfer (Tarita-Nistor et al, 2019 , 2020 ; João et al, 2021 ). Also, perceptual grouping (of spatially separated identical stimuli) during binocular rivalry appears to be slower in patients with early glaucoma, regardless of the stimulus location presentation (Issashar Leibovitzh et al, 2022 ). This evidence points to a dysregulation of inter-hemispheric transfer involving corpus callosum and likely a weakening in the strength of neural connectivity of the visual cortex involved in early visual processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atypical responses to faces during binocular rivalry in early glaucoma

et al. 2023

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PurposeGlaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy that damages retinal ganglion cells and a neurodegenerative disease as it affects neural structures throughout the brain. In this study, we examined binocular rivalry responses in patients with early glaucoma in order to probe the function of stimulus-specific cortical areas involved in face perception.MethodsParticipants included 14 individuals (10 females, mean age 65 ± 7 years) with early pre-perimetric glaucoma and 14 age-matched healthy controls (7 females, mean age 59 ± 11 years). The 2 groups were equivalent in visual acuity and stereo-acuity. Three binocular rivalry stimulus pairs were used: (1) real face/house, (2) synthetic face/noise patch, and (3) synthetic face/spiral. For each stimulus pair, the images were matched in size and contrast level; they were viewed dichotically, and presented centrally and eccentrically at 3 degrees in the right (RH) and in the left hemifield (LH), respectively. The outcome measures were rivalry rate (i.e., perceptual switches/min) and time of exclusive dominance of each stimulus.ResultsFor the face/house stimulus pair, rivalry rate of the glaucoma group (11 ± 6 switches/min) was significantly lower than that of the control group (15 ± 5 switches/min), but only in the LH location. The face dominated longer than the house in the LH for both groups. Likewise, for the synthetic face/noise patch stimulus pair, rivalry rate of the glaucoma group (11 ± 6 switches/min) was lower than that of the control group (16 ± 7 switches/min) in the LH, but the difference failed to reach significance. Interestingly, the mixed percept dominated less in glaucoma than in the control group. For the synthetic face/spiral stimulus pair, the glaucoma group had lower rivalry rate at all 3 stimulus locations.ConclusionThis study reveals atypical responses to faces during binocular rivalry in patients with early glaucoma. The results may be suggestive of early neurodegeneration affecting stimulus-specific neural structures involved in face processing starting in the pre-perimetric phase of the disease.

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GABA decrease is associated with degraded neural specificity in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients

Bang

Parra

et al. 2023

Commun Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glaucoma is an age-related neurodegenerative disease of the visual system, affecting both the eye and the brain. Yet its underlying metabolic mechanisms and neurobehavioral relevance remain largely unclear. Here, using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the GABAergic and glutamatergic systems in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients, as well as neural specificity, which is shaped by GABA and glutamate signals and underlies efficient sensory and cognitive functions. Our study shows that among the older adults, both GABA and glutamate levels decrease with increasing glaucoma severity regardless of age. Further, our study shows that the reduction of GABA but not glutamate predicts the neural specificity. This association is independent of the impairments on the retina structure, age, and the gray matter volume of the visual cortex. Our results suggest that glaucoma-specific decline of GABA undermines neural specificity in the visual cortex and that targeting GABA could improve the neural specificity in glaucoma.

show abstract

Perceptual Grouping During Binocular Rivalry in Mild Glaucoma

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

GABA decrease is associated with degraded neural specificity in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients

GABA decrease is associated with degraded neural specificity in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients

Atypical responses to faces during binocular rivalry in early glaucoma

GABA decrease is associated with degraded neural specificity in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients

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