Percutaneous microwave hepatic tumor coagulation with segmental hepatic blood flow occlusion in seven patients.

<title>Thermal ablation therapy for focal malignancy: a unified approach to underlying principles, techniques, and diagnostic imaging guidance</title>

“…Angiographic balloon occlusion can be used, but may not prove adequate for intrahepatic ablation given the dual hepatic blood supply with redirection of compensated flow [22]. Embolotherapy prior to ablation with particulates that occlude sinusoids such as gel-foam or lipoidol may overcome this limitation [52]. Pharmacologic modulation of blood flow and anti-angiogenesis therapy are theoretically possible, but should currently be considered experimental.…”

Changes in peripheral lymphocyte subsets in patients after partial microwave ablation of the spleen for secondary splenomegaly and hypersplenism: A preliminary study

“…Microwave radiation causing tissue coagulation and small vascular occlusion has been used during surgery for haemostasis and tissue resection. In recent years, ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) has been adopted for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with good clinical results [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Our team has studied the use of microwaves for 12 years and obtained significant clinical benefits using microwave ablation therapy for HCC [22].…”

Interstitial ablative techniques for hepatic tumours

“…Blood flow occlusion has been developed to increase the thermal effect 81,104,105 , but Pringle's manoeuvre requires a laparotomy 106,107 . Alternative techniques include angiographic balloon occlusion of the hepatic artery of the liver segment involved with tumour 108 . Although liver metastases are mainly supplied by the arteries, the tumour is surrounded by well perfused parenchyma fed mainly through the portal venous system and percutaneous transhepatic portal balloon occlusion can be used 105,109 .…”