Perfil clínico, diagnósticos e cuidados de enfermagem para pacientes em pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica

Abstract

Objective:To analyze the clinical profi le, nursing diagnoses, and nursing care established for postoperative bariatric surgery patients. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out in a hospital in southern Brazil with a sample of 143 patients. Data were collected retrospectively from electronic medical records between 2011 and 2012 and analyzed statistically. Results:We found a predominance of adult female patients (84%) with class III obesity (59.4%) and hypertension (72%). Thirty-fi ve nursing diagnoses were reported, among which the most frequent were: Acute Pain (99.3%), Risk for perioperative positioning injury (98.6%), and Impaired tissue integrity (93%). The most frequently prescribed nursing care were: to use protection mechanisms in the surgical patient positioning, to record pain as 5th vital sign, and to take vital signs. There was an association between age and comorbidities. Conclusion:The nursing diagnoses supported the nursing care prescription, which enables the qualifi cation of nursing assistance. Keywords: Bariatric surgery. Nursing diagnosis. Nursing care. RESUMO RESUMEN Objetivo:Analizar el perfi l clínico, diagnósticos de enfermería y cuidados de enfermería establecidos para los pacientes en postoperatorio de cirugía bariátrica. Método: Estudio transversal con la muestra de 143 pacientes. El estudio se realizó entre 2011-2012, en un hospital en el sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados retrospectivamente de los registros médicos electrónicos y analizados estadísticamente. Resultados: Se identifi caron pacientes femeninas adultas (84%), con obesidad clase III (59,4%), hipertensión (72%) y con 35 diagnósticos de enfermería, siendo los más frecuentes: el Dolor agudo (99,3%), Riesgo de lesión perioperatoria de posicionamiento (98,6%) y la Integridad del tejido deteriorado (93%). Entre los cuidados de enfermería prescritos los más utilizados fueron: utilizar los mecanismos de protección en el posicionamiento quirúrgico del paciente, registrar el dolor como quinto signo vital y verifi car los signos vitales. Se observó una asociación entre la edad y las comorbilidades. Conclusión: Los diagnósticos de enfermería apoyaron la prescripción de los cuidados de enfermería, lo que permite califi car la asistencia de enfermería. Palabras clave: Cirugía bariátrica. Diagnóstico de enfermería. Atención de enfermería. How to cite this article:Steyer NH, Oliveira MC, Gouvêa MRF, Echer IC, Lucena AF. Clinical profi le, nursing diagnoses and nursing care for postoperative bariatric surgery patients. Rev Gaúcha Enferm. 2016 mar;37(1):e50170.

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