Perfluorotributylamine: A novel long-lived greenhouse gas

Hong, Angela C.; Young, Cora J.; Hurley, M. D.; Wallington, Timothy J.; Mabury, Scott A.

doi:10.1002/2013gl058010

Cited by 21 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Eight new compounds have been added since H2013 and one of the new compounds, heptacosafluorotributylamine/PFTBA, was recently observed in the Arctic (Schlabach et al, 2018). Its absorption spectrum has been measured in three recent studies (Bernard et al, 2018;Godin et al, 2016;Hong et al, 2013) and using the spectra from Hong et al (2013) and Godin et al (2016) we calculate a RE value of 0.91 W m −2 ppb −1 . Bernard et al (2018) measured spectra for three other perfluoroamines and report large RE values also for these compounds (in the range 0.61-0.95 W m −2 ppb −1 ).…”

Section: Fully Fluorinated Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated Global Warming Potentials and Radiative Efficiencies of Halocarbons and Other Weak Atmospheric Absorbers

Hodnebrog

Aamaas

Fuglestvedt

et al. 2020

Reviews of Geophysics

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Human activity has led to increased atmospheric concentrations of many gases, including halocarbons, and may lead to emissions of many more gases. Many of these gases are, on a per molecule basis, powerful greenhouse gases, although at present‐day concentrations their climate effect is in the so‐called weak limit (i.e., their effect scales linearly with concentration). We published a comprehensive review of the radiative efficiencies (RE) and global warming potentials (GWP) for around 200 such compounds in 2013 (Hodnebrog et al., 2013, https://doi.org/10.1002/rog.20013). Here we present updated RE and GWP values for compounds where experimental infrared absorption spectra are available. Updated numbers are based on a revised “Pinnock curve”, which gives RE as a function of wave number, and now also accounts for stratospheric temperature adjustment (Shine & Myhre, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001951). Further updates include the implementation of around 500 absorption spectra additional to those in the 2013 review and new atmospheric lifetimes from the literature (mainly from WMO (2019)). In total, values for 60 of the compounds previously assessed are based on additional absorption spectra, and 42 compounds have REs which differ by >10% from our previous assessment. New RE calculations are presented for more than 400 compounds in addition to the previously assessed compounds, and GWP calculations are presented for a total of around 250 compounds. Present‐day radiative forcing due to halocarbons and other weak absorbers is 0.38 [0.33–0.43] W m−2, compared to 0.36 [0.32–0.40] W m−2 in IPCC AR5 (Myhre et al., 2013, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.018), which is about 18% of the current CO2 forcing.

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Section: Fully Fluorinated Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated Global Warming Potentials and Radiative Efficiencies of Halocarbons and Other Weak Atmospheric Absorbers

Hodnebrog

Aamaas

Fuglestvedt

et al. 2020

Reviews of Geophysics

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“…However, compared to the mentioned PFAS precursors, limited information are available about the environmental occurrence and levels of other volatile PFASs with different chemical structures and uses. Such an example is perfluorotributyl amine (PFTBA), which was found in the atmosphere in Toronto, Canada (Hong et al, 2013).…”

Section: Figure 1: Examples Of Some Manufactured Organofluorine Substmentioning

confidence: 99%

PFASs in the Nordic environment

Kärrman¹,

Wang²,

Kallenborn³

et al. 2019

TemaNord

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“…CO data from WE-CAN can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.26023/Q888-WZRD-B70F (Campos, 2019). CH 3 CN data from WE-CAN can be access at https://doi.org/10.26023/K9F4-2CNH-EQ0W (Hu, 2019). Navigation, state parameters, and microphysics flight-level data provided by the UCAR/NCAR Earth Observing Laboratory are available from https://doi.org/10.26023/G766-BS71-9V03 (UCAR/NCAR, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ambient ammonia measurements from a research aircraft using a closed-path QC-TILDAS operated with active continuous passivation

et al. 2019

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Abstract. A closed-path quantum-cascade tunable infrared laser direct absorption spectrometer (QC-TILDAS) was outfitted with an inertial inlet for filter-less separation of particles and several custom-designed components including an aircraft inlet, a vibration isolation mounting plate, and a system for optionally adding active continuous passivation for gas-phase measurements of ammonia (NH3) from a research aircraft. The instrument was then deployed on the NSF/NCAR C-130 aircraft during research flights and test flights associated with the Western wildfire Experiment for Cloud chemistry, Aerosol absorption and Nitrogen (WE-CAN) field campaign. The instrument was configured to measure large, rapid gradients in gas-phase NH3, over a range of altitudes, in smoke (e.g., ash and particles), in the boundary layer (e.g., during turbulence and turns), in clouds, and in a hot aircraft cabin (e.g., average aircraft cabin temperatures expected to exceed 30 ∘C during summer deployments). Important design goals were to minimize motion sensitivity, maintain a reasonable detection limit, and minimize NH3 “stickiness” on sampling surfaces to maintain fast time response in flight. The observations indicate that adding a high-frequency vibration to the laser objective in the QC-TILDAS and mounting the QC-TILDAS on a custom-designed vibration isolation plate were successful in minimizing motion sensitivity of the instrument during flight. Allan variance analyses indicate that the in-flight precision of the instrument is 60 ppt at 1 Hz corresponding to a 3σ detection limit of 180 ppt. Zero signals span ±200, or 400 pptv total, with cabin pressure and temperature and altitude in flight. The option for active continuous passivation of the sample flow path with 1H,1H-perfluorooctylamine, a strong perfluorinated base, prevented adsorption of both water and basic species to instrument sampling surfaces. Characterization of the time response in flight and on the ground showed that adding passivant to a “clean” instrument system had little impact on the time response. In contrast, passivant addition greatly improved the time response when sampling surfaces became contaminated prior to a test flight. The observations further show that passivant addition can be used to maintain a rapid response for in situ NH3 measurements over the duration of an airborne field campaign (e.g., ∼2 months) since passivant addition also helps to prevent future buildup of water and basic species on instrument sampling surfaces. Therefore, we recommend the use of active continuous passivation with closed-path NH3 instruments when rapid (>1 Hz) collection of NH3 is important for the scientific objective of a field campaign (e.g., sampling from aircraft or another mobile research platform). Passivant addition can be useful for maintaining optimum operation and data collection in NH3-rich and humid environments or when contamination of sampling surfaces is likely, yet frequent cleaning is not possible. Passivant addition may not be necessary for fast operation, even in polluted environments, if sampling surfaces can be cleaned when the time response has degraded.

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Perfluorotributylamine: A novel long-lived greenhouse gas

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Updated Global Warming Potentials and Radiative Efficiencies of Halocarbons and Other Weak Atmospheric Absorbers

Updated Global Warming Potentials and Radiative Efficiencies of Halocarbons and Other Weak Atmospheric Absorbers

PFASs in the Nordic environment

Evaluation of ambient ammonia measurements from a research aircraft using a closed-path QC-TILDAS operated with active continuous passivation

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