Performance analysis of various hybrid renewable energy systems using battery, hydrogen, and pumped hydro‐based storage units

Abstract

Summary The aim of this research is to analyze the techno‐economic performance of hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) using batteries, pumped hydro‐based, and hydrogen‐based storage units at Sharurah, Saudi Arabia. The simulations and optimization process are carried out for nine HRES scenarios to determine the optimum sizes of components for each scenario. The optimal sizing of components for each HRES scenario is determined based on the net present cost (NPC) optimization criterion. All of the nine optimized HRES scenarios are then evaluated based on NPC, levelized cost of energy, payback period, CO2 emissions, excess electricity, and renewable energy fraction. The simulation results show that the photovoltaic (PV)‐diesel‐battery scenario is economically the most viable system with the NPC of US$2.70 million and levelized cost of energy of US$0.178/kWh. Conversely, PV‐diesel‐fuel cell system is proved to be economically the least feasible system. Moreover, the wind‐diesel‐fuel cell is the most economical scenario in the hydrogen‐based storage category. PV‐wind‐diesel‐pumped hydro scenario has the highest renewable energy fraction of 89.8%. PV‐wind‐diesel‐pumped hydro scenario is the most environment‐friendly system, with an 89% reduction in CO2 emissions compared with the base‐case diesel only scenario. Overall, the systems with battery and pumped hydro storage options have shown better techno‐economic performance compared with the systems with hydrogen‐based storage.

Exploring the novel structure, transportable capacity and thermodynamic properties of TiH 2 hydrogen storage material

“…It is well known that the metal dihydrides are attractive hydrogen storage materials because of their renewable, low cost, excellent deformation resistance, etc . Some noble metal hydrides have been investigated due to the good chemical stability and excellent catalytic activity . For example, the Pt‐Ru catalyst shows high hydrogen generation rate .…”

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Some noble metal hydrides have been investigated due to the good chemical stability and excellent catalytic activity. [16][17][18][19][20] For example, the Pt-Ru catalyst shows high hydrogen generation rate. 21 Ir-dopant can double enhance the hydrogen storage capacity of Pd nanoparticles.…”

Multi-Objective Optimal Capacity Planning for 100% Renewable Energy-Based Microgrid Incorporating Cost of Demand-Side Flexibility Management

“…Many studies have evaluated and demonstrated the cost-benefits of appropriate selection and application of different ESS technologies incorporation into the power system planning. The common ESS ranges from pumped hydro [20], hydrogen storage [21], BESS [22], compressed air energy storage, etc. [23].…”

Implementation of repowering optimization for an existing photovoltaic‐pumped hydro storage hybrid system: A case study in Sichuan, China

“…1 However, renewable power generation, such as wind and PV power generation, will cause great disturbance to the power grid if connected to the grid directly, since it has the disadvantage of fluctuation and intermittence. 6,7 Pumped hydro storage (PHS) is a preferable storage device, with low cycle cost, and is considered the most mature technology. 4,5 Many storage devices have been applied in hybrid systems.…”

“…4,5 Many storage devices have been applied in hybrid systems. 6,7 Pumped hydro storage (PHS) is a preferable storage device, with low cycle cost, and is considered the most mature technology. 8 Several hybrid energy systems have been built in the world to date.…”