Performance and emissions of diesel engine fuelled with preheated biodiesel fuel derived from crude palm, jatropha, and waste cooking oils

Abstract

Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids of palm, vegetable, and waste cooking oils and animal fat with an alcohol producing fatty acid esters. Biodiesel is not efficient in cold weather and this is biodiesel's major problem. Viscosity has influences on the fuel flow rate and leads to poor fuel atomisation during the combustion process. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of biodiesel temperature in the range fom 40 °C and 60 °C on engine performance such as torque, brake power, brake mean effective pressure, and fuel consumption. Three types of biodiesel oil were used (crude palm oil (CPO), waste cooking oil (WCO), and jatropha oil) under biodiesel blending ratio of 5vol%. A single cylinder four-stroke engine was used and operated under different load conditions of 0% and 50% and observed emission of CO, CO2, NOx, and HC. The engine operated at 0% and 50% dynamometer load conditions and running speeds of the engine of 800 rpm, 1200 rpm, 1600 rpm, and 2000 rpm. The results of this study showed that the heating temperatures in the range from 40 °C and 60 o C in CPO10 produced the highest brake power as well as torque and BMEP. For the experimental results of exhaust emission, the preheated temperature affected the degradation of the exhaust emission. In addition, preheated biodiesel increased the pressure on the cylinder combustion chamber. It can be concluded that the biodiesel preheated blend influences the performance and emission. For CPO biodiesel, the preheated biodiesel decreased CO and NOx while the standard diesel produced the lower emission of CO2 and HC. WCO biodiesel blend produced a lower emission with increasing fuel temperature.

Analysis of hydrogen enriched treble biofuel blended with diesel for performance, emission and combustion characteristics on CI engine

“…The calorific value of diesel is higher than its diesel blends due to high oxygen content than fossil diesel [11]. Two main factors that are responsible for higher viscosity and density of biodiesel are large molecular weight and complex chemical structure [12][13][14][15]. Table 4 reveals that PS biodiesel has less calorific value and lower viscosity and density than WCO biodiesel.…”

“…Features like higher cetane number than diesel and less sulphur and more oxygen, are environmentally friendly and can reduce HC and CO in the exhaust gas. For these reasons, different studies have been conducted on biodiesel blended with diesel and the results show that emission concentration varies and depends on biodiesel source and engine condition [14,20,29]. Hydrogen possesses many superior combustion and emission characteristics than other liquid or gas fuels.…”

Comparative Analysis on Performance and Emission Characteristic of Diesel Engine Fueled with Heated Coconut Oil and Diesel Fuel

“…The biodiesel properties such as viscosity, cloud point, heat of combustion, volatility were similar to diesel fuel. The density and cetane number of biodiesel were higher than those of fossil diesel fuels [9]. Besides, using biodiesel as fuel was better than fossil fuel because of its biodegradability, containing oxygen, sulfur and aromatic content [2,10].…”

Selecting Biofuel Obtained from Sunan Pecan Oil for Diesel Engine Fuel

“…As a renewable fuel, biodiesel has some advantages compared to petroleum-based diesel, since it is biodegradable and non-toxic, also, it has more favorable combustion emission profile, lower sulfur content as well as lubrication and cleaning machines which are better than diesel fuel [1,2]. Some vegetable oils that are usually used as the feedstock of biodiesel are palm oils, soybean, sunflower, rapeseed and jatropha [3][4][5][6][7]. Kemiri Sunan (Reutealis trisperma) oil can be used to produce biodiesel as well because its oil content is 50%-56% and the oil cannot be used as oil food due to its poisonous content (alpha oleo stearic acid) [8,9].…”

“…It is produced by transesterification process of triglycerides in the form of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) or fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE). Triglycerides are converted into FAME or FAEE and glyceride by alcohol and a strong base catalyst [1,5,7]. Biodiesel that is produced from the transesterification process contained more than one ester of fatty acid.…”