Performance and exhaust emission characteristics investigation of compression ignition engine fuelled with microalgae biodiesel and its diesel blends

Abstract

Biofuels extracted from plant biomass can be used as fuel in CI engines to lower a hazardous atmospheric pollutant and mitigate climate risks. Furthermore, its implementation is hampered by inevitable obstacles such as feed stocks and the crop area required for their cultivation, leading to a lack of agricultural land for the expansion of food yields. Despite this, microalgae have been discovered to be the most competent and unwavering source of biodiesel due to their distinguishing characteristics of being non-eatable and requiring no cropland for cultivation. The objectives of this paper was to look into the potential of a novel, formerly underappreciated biodiesel from microalgae species which could be used as a fuel substitute.Transesteri cation is being used to extract the biodiesel. Microalgae are blended with petroleum diesel in percentage to create Microalgae Blends (MAB) as needed for experimentation. The impact of biodiesel on performance as well as exhaust emission attributes of a 1-cylinder diesel engine was experimentally studied. Compared to petroleum diesel, different blend of Microalgae biodiesel showed a decline in torque and hence brake power, resulting in an average fall of 7.14 percent in brake thermal e ciency and 11.54 percent increase in brake speci c fuel consumption. There were wide differences in exhaust emission characteristics, including carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, as the blend ratio in diesel increased. Moreover, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxides increase in all algae biodiesel blends, but they're still within the acceptable range of petroleum diesel.

Comparative analysis of compression ignition engines performance and emission characteristics devouring edible and nonedible oil biodiesel

“…Furthermore, the absence of carbon in hydrogen fuel reduces HC emissions. 31,38,39 Because of the presence of additional This decrease in CO fairly agrees with US EPA, who reported up to 51% decrease in CO emissions for biodiesel. This decrease could be attributed to the biodiesels having higher oxygen content than diesel which can result in a more complete combustion, leading to less CO in the exhaust stream.…”

“…Biodiesel comprises extra oxygen content, so these fuels demonstrates increases in BTE under all loading conditions. The literature also marks out that the biodiesel, as a fuel results in performance declination due to the its lower calorific value, higher density and viscosity 31–33 …”

“…The increased ignition temperature with hydrogen enrichment promotes post‐fire oxidation of unburned hydrocarbon. Furthermore, the absence of carbon in hydrogen fuel reduces HC emissions 31,38,39 …”

“…Increased load results in CO emissions increment due to improper combustion of rich mixture supplied to meet the additional load. The presence of oxygen in biodiesel reduces CO emissions which improves combustion 31,38,39 . Microalgae fuel samples resulted in 7.32% less CO emission.…”

“…The literature also marks out that the biodiesel, as a fuel results in performance declination due to the its lower calorific value, higher density and viscosity. [31][32][33] The results show that microalgae biodiesel performs better than other biodiesel fuels, especially at higher loads. However, for sunflower biodiesel, increasing the load causes a slight decrease in efficiency.…”