Performance Assessment of Cassava Peel Starch and Alum as Dual Coagulant for Turbidity Removal in Dam Water

Asharuddin, Syazwani Mohd; Othman, Norzila; Zin, Nur Shaylinda Mohd; Tajarudin, Husnul Azan; Din, Mohd Fadhil Md

doi:10.30880/ijie.2018.10.04.029

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Moreover, owing to the attractive molecular composition of starch that contains large numbers of hydroxyl groups on its saccharide ring, starch can be easily modified chemically to satisfy various applications by the introduction of different functional groups onto its backbone [2,3]. A wide spectrum of modification techniques have been tested on starches from numerous sources and these starches were investigated for their flocculating abilities [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Dual Properties Coagulant from Natural Precursors for Raw Water Treatment

Asharuddin

Othman

Zin

et al. 2020

IJIE

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A novel coagulant with dual properties was produced by manipulating the chemical characteristics of natural precursors. In the present study, cassava peel starch (CPS) was isolated from agriculture waste and lemongrass extract was procured using soxhlet extraction using ethanol. A preliminary study consisting of chemical analysis and antimicrobial test was done onto the lemongrass extract to ensure the presence of the active group responsible for antimicrobial effect. The modified cassava peel starch (MCPS) was synthesized using novel acidalkali grafting method to incorporate active compounds from lemongrass extract onto the starch backbone. The modified starch was subjected to Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Electron Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDX) for surface morphological and elementral distribution analysis. The molecular composition analysis was accomplished using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry (FTIR) while the efficacy of the modification process was further analyze using proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H NMR). The SEM-EDX and FTIR results revealed impressive changes in the physical surface morphology, elemental distribution and chemical structure of the starch post-modification. The results also indicated successful integration of lemongrass active groups onto the starch molecules which provides promising potential of the modified starch towards proposed application for water clarification and disinfection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Dual Properties Coagulant from Natural Precursors for Raw Water Treatment

Asharuddin

Othman

Zin

et al. 2020

IJIE

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“…En la hidroeléctrica de Sembrong-Malasia durante el año 2018, se realizó un estudio que evaluó el poder coagulante de la mezcla sulfato de aluminio-almidón de cáscara de yuca. Luego de la simulación del proceso de clarificación del agua disminuyó su turbidez de 26,06 a 2,22 UNT equivalente a una remoción del 91,47%, usando la mejor dosis (7,5 mg/L de la sustancia química y 100 mg/L de almidón) [36].…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Evaluación de la mezcla de un coagulante químico-natural en el proceso de clarificación de una ciénaga

Padilla-García¹,

Pimienta-Rodríguez²,

Martínez³

2020

revuin

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En esta investigación serealizó la evaluación del poder coagulante del sulfato de aluminio y la mezcla de sulfato de aluminio-almidon de yuca (Manihot esculenta) con una proporción 2:8, en el proceso de clarificación del agua de la Ciénaga Grande (Atlántico-Colombia). Para el registro de las características iniciales se efectuó un muestreo simple del agua. Posteriormente, en la etapa de simulación del proceso de clarificación se implementó el test de jarras, donde se observó la reducción de la turbidez quese obtuvo al utilizar el coagulante químico y la mezcla. Para finalizar se concluyó que el sulfato de aluminio logró un porcentaje de remoción del 70% con una dosis de 20 mg/L, mientras que para la mezcla de sulfato de aluminio-Almidón de yuca la eliminación de la turbidez fue de 71,06% con una dosis de 60 mg/L, partiendo de un valor inicial de 69 UNT

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“…Then, CPS need high pH to remove higher turbidity. Interestingly as the pH higher, all the more negatively charged surface wind up noticeably accessible, subsequently encouraging more noteworthy metal adsorption [33].…”

Section: E Effect Of Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Removal efficiency of turbidity after 30 min show a good result. The more time to take for a settling time of the process, more turbidity can remove from the raw water [33]. Figure 17 demonstrates the impact of settling time on removal of COD.…”

Section: E Effect Of Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turbidity, COD and Total Suspended Solid Removal: Application of Natural Coagulant Cassava Peel Starch

Abd Rahim*,

Othman,

Asharuddin

et al. 2019

IJRTE

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Considering techno-financial oblige, cassava peel (CP) that is effectively accessible mechanical waste is concentrated to assess its appropriateness to be chosen as coagulant help for the water treatment framework. The process called coagulation and flocculation is the generation of consumable water from most raw water sources generally incorporates. The most well-known coagulant used in water treatment are aluminium salts, ferric salts and synthetic polymers. These coagulants are frequently costly and can hardly afford the costs of imported chemicals. Considering techno-economic constrain, cassava peel (CP) that is effectively accessible industrial waste is concentrated to assess its appropriateness to be chosen as coagulant aid for water treatment system. This aim for characterize cassava peel and to optimize coagulation and flocculation process using alum, CPS and alum : CPS. There are two types of equipment analysis involve to characterization the cassava peel namely scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. SEM-EDX micrograph had shown that the surface of the cassava peel samples was secured with smooth and globular in formed of bound a starch granule. The CP samples contain Fe2O 3 and Al2O 3 were analysis by XRF spectrometry indicated that which might contribute to its coagulation ability. The water samples used was collected at the water intake from Sembrong Dam. The raw water sample was characterized before the process of jar test. Jar test experiment was carried out by using alum, cassava peel starch and cassava peel + alum. The laboratory analysis was carried on turbidity, total suspended solid and COD removal. Recommended conditions (initial pH 9, 70 : 30 % of alum : CPS, and 60 min settling time) allowed Cassava peel and alum removed high turbidity, total suspended solid and chemical oxygen demand up to 90.32%, 89.86% and 18.87%, respectively. The effectiveness of cassava peel as coagulant aid was investigated from floc analysis. Besides that, based on the results with using SEM analysis, the images showed that the combination of alum +CPS was more compact and this can make denser because of the bridging of the particles that easy the floc to settle down. This study proved the use of natural coagulant from cassava peel as an alternative coagulant aid to reduce the usage of chemical coagulants.

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Performance Assessment of Cassava Peel Starch and Alum as Dual Coagulant for Turbidity Removal in Dam Water

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Dual Properties Coagulant from Natural Precursors for Raw Water Treatment

Synthesis and Characterization of Dual Properties Coagulant from Natural Precursors for Raw Water Treatment

Evaluación de la mezcla de un coagulante químico-natural en el proceso de clarificación de una ciénaga

Turbidity, COD and Total Suspended Solid Removal: Application of Natural Coagulant Cassava Peel Starch

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