“…Major machining performance measures, which directly depend on the cutting parameters, including surface roughness, cutting force, chip form/chip breakability, tool-life and material removal rate, are predicted using a hybrid model in terms of cutting conditions: cutting speed, feed and depth of cut [72]. The early work for single-pass turning, which includes the effect of progressive tool-wear [64], and the subsequent work involving the establishment of a performance-based criterion for the selection of optimum cutting conditions and cutting tool selection [71], have more recently been extended to cover multi-pass turning using genetic algorithms [73]. Fig.…”