Performance‐based seismic assessment of conventional and base‐isolated steel buildings including environmental impact and resilience

Abstract

Sustainability and resilience are issues that are recognized worldwide, and increased attention should be placed on strategies to design and maintain infrastructure systems that are hazard resilient, damage tolerant, and sustainable. In this paper, a methodology to evaluate the seismic sustainability and resilience of both conventional and base-isolated steel buildings is presented. Furthermore, the proposed approach is used to explore the difference between the performance associated with these buildings by considering the three pillars of sustainability: economic, social, and environmental. Sustainability and resilience are both considered to cover a comprehensive performance-based assessment content. The uncertainties associated with performance and consequence evaluation of structural and non-structural components are incorporated within the assessment process. The proposed performance-based assessment approach is illustrated on conventional and base-isolated steel buildings under given seismic scenarios. 54% of energy consumption in the United States is caused by building [4]. Additionally, buildings account for a paramount portion of greenhouse emission. Although building rating systems, such as LEED [5], evaluate the greenness of new and existing structural systems, the ratings do not measure building hazard performance, which can impact building sustainability performance as well. Hazardresistant and green structure design that aims to improve building performance is needed [6,7].Several improvements have been made in codes to increase seismic resistance of buildings [8]. The protection associated with non-structural components, equipment, and contents of buildings under seismic hazard is gaining increased attention in building design provisions, such as the International Building Code [9] incorporating more stringent design requirements for non-structural components. Loss associated with non-structural components could be much larger than that of structural components [10]. The concept of base-isolation can be adopted to reduce the floor acceleration of buildings, consequently, reduce the damage of acceleration sensitive non-structural components. However, because of the high initial construction cost, the performance benefits associated with base-isolated buildings are not recognized. Several studies have investigated the nonlinear seismic performance of isolated systems [10][11][12][13]; the isolation device can reduce the seismic demands compared with a base-fixed building. [14] investigated the cost and benefit of retrofitting reinforced concrete frame buildings and concluded that this benefit can outweigh the repair cost within the lifecycle. [15] concluded that an isolated building is more cost effective when the life-cycle is longer than 250 years considering the direct loss only.[10] evaluated cost-benefit of several common retrofit solutions for older RC frame buildings and showed that the cost-effectiveness became more significant when fatalities were considered. However, the sustainability per...

Framework for city‐scale building seismic resilience simulation and repair scheduling with labor constraints driven by time–history analysis

“…In the field of resilience evaluation of individual buildings, the method of Resilience‐based Earthquake Design Initiative (REDi) (Almufti & Willford, ) can predict the repair time and labor demand of each building according to the widely accepted methods in construction scheduling. This method is extensively used for the seismic resilience assessment of individual buildings (Dong & Frangopol, ; Hutt, Almufti, Willford, & Deierlein, ; Lu, Xie, Yu, & Lu, ; Tian, Lu, Lu, Li, & Guan, ). In the REDi method, the repair sequences of individual buildings and the labor demand of each repair sequence are explicitly presented.…”

Performance-based probabilistic framework for seismic risk, resilience, and sustainability assessment of reinforced concrete structures

“…Lin and Wang (2017a, 2017b) developed a methodology for recovery modeling by aggregating building-level restoration using probabilistic damage assessment. Similar approach is generally utilized for the resilience evaluation (Koliou et al, 2018; Masoomi and Van de Lindt, 2018) and few studies utilize detailed component-based damage and consequence assessment approach to quantify resilience (Dong and Frangopol, 2016; Hashemi et al, 2019). In this article, nonlinear time history analysis is conducted to assess the performance at both component and system levels utilizing the next-generation PBEE.…”

Sensitivity Analysis of Pile Supported Wharves against Directional Uncertainty of Earthquakes Using Fragility Curves

“…Recently, structures have been designed to prevent buildings from low-intensity damages and total collapse. However, it was perceived that there were other important factors like the economic loss due to downtime and repair cost after the 1994 Northridge and 1955 Kobe earthquakes [2][3][4]. Therefore, early forms of performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) which explicitly considered post-earthquake condition of structures were proposed (ATC-32, ATC-40, FEMA 273, SEAOC vision 2000, and so on).…”