Performance decrement in vehicle driving.

Herbert, Marvin J.; Jaynes, William E.

doi:10.1037/e437382004-001

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In one study, for example, the performance of pilots was found to decline throughout a flight when crews were airborne for 15 hours four times a week (2). In another, the performance of civilian aircrews on a problem-solving and a perceptual-motor task deteriorated upon their return from six-hour to 21-hour flights, compared to their performance before the flights (3)., The performance of Army truck drivers on psychomotor tasks declined after they drove for periods up to nine hours, except for performance on the ninth hour itself (4)., In contrast, no decrement was found in the performance of pilots between the first and last parts of flights that ranged from 10 to 17 hours (5), or in the performance of Army truck drivers on a monitoring task while driving heavy commercial trucks in nine-hour shifts (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effects of sleep deprivation on performance over a 48-hour period.

Drucker¹,

Cannon²,

Ware³

1969

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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This document kes bee. opproved for public release May 1969Ond sale; its distribution is unlimited. Prepared for:Office. ProblemMilitary equipment capable of operating for 48 hours oe longer is now being developed.When t'is equipment becomes available, military personnel will be able to participate in sustained rvmbat for longer periods of time than has ever before been possible. While technological advances will eiable this equipment to perform reliably over extended time periods, little is known about the effects of sustained combat on the personnel who will operate the equipment. If they re unable to maintain a satisfactory level of performance, then the new equpment will not be able to function at its maximum potential. New training programs will need to be developed, or changes in military doctrine will be necessary.A review of the psychological literature and military records pertaining to prolonged performance was conducted at the request of the U.S. Army Combat Developments Command Armor Agency. The review yielded little information about men's ability to perform for 48 hours or longer, and the information that was available often contained contradictions.In order to obtain more reliable information on sustained performance, a research program was developed to determine how performing for 48 hours without sleep would affect the efficiency of the work produced. Also studied were the effects of starting to perform in the morning compared to starting in the evening, and the effects of job rotation when it provides no additional rest time. ApproachThe subjects were 142 enlisted men trained in armor who were assigned to one of fourexperimental conditions. In three of these conditions, subjects worked for 48 hours with a 15-minute break after every 1% hours of work and a one-hour meal break every six hours, but with no additional time provided for sleeping., Subjects in the fourth (control) condition performed according to the same schedule except during the night hours, when they were allowed to sleep.Subjects were assigned to two-man teams. One member of each team tracked a continuously winding road on a driving simulator; the other member worked on a target detection task-attempting to detect brief, infrequent light signals preser-ted on a large screen. In two of the four experimental conditions, the subjects remained at the same task throughout the experiment; in the other two conditions, they rotated jobs after each 11/2 -hour period. In three conditions, the experiment began in the evening; in the fourth, it began in the morning., By comparing the performance scores of subjects in different pairs of conditions, the effects of sleep deprivation, starting time, and job rotation on performance were determined. ResultsSubjects who worked for 48 hours without time allotted for sleep performed significantly worse on the driving task than the control subjects, who were allowed to sleep from 0200 to 0700 each night., The difference in the performances of the two groups on the target detection task approached st...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effects of sleep deprivation on performance over a 48-hour period.

Drucker¹,

Cannon²,

Ware³

1969

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…This was largely because most of the studies were one-of-a-kind experiments, in which subjects unused to prolonged driving performed in only one driving session, under conditions of motivation and distraction that did not match those usually found in real life. In many cases the influence of circadian variations in activation and performance was confounded with timeon-task effects (e.g., Herbert and Jaynes, 1964). In other studies, researchers attempted to measure performance decrements by the use of short tests presented to the driver at intervals during the work spell (e.g., Brown, Simmonds, and Tickner, 1967;Brown, Tickner and Simmonds, 1966), thus tending to offset any adverse effects resulting from depressed levels of alertness.…”

Section: Driving Fatiguementioning

confidence: 97%

Driver Fatigue

1994

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Psychological fatigue is defined as a subjectively experienced disinclination to continue performing the task at hand. It generally impairs human efficiency when individuals continue working after they have become aware of their fatigue. It does not depend on energy expenditure and cannot be measured simply in terms of performance impairment. The interacting causal contributions to fatigue are the length of continuous work spells and daily duty periods, time available for rest and continuous sleep, and the arrangement of duty, rest, and sleep periods within each 24-h cycle. Empirical evidence for the separate and combined effects of these factors on fatigue, performance decrement, and accident risk are briefly reviewed, and the implications of these findings for driving and road safety are considered, with particular reference to the professional driver. This study shows that fatigue is insufficiently recognized and reported as a cause of road accidents and that its effects stem largely from prolonged and irregular working hours, rather than simply from time spent at the wheel.

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“…Also, Moskowitz and Fiorentino (2000) conducted an analysis on a wider scale than the previous study. Herbert and Jaynes (1964), the early researchers, discovered that an increase of driving time resulted in worsened driving performance, and Greenshields (1966) reported that there was a big change in maintaining driving speed according to a change of driving time.…”

Section: Effects Of Alcohol On Car Drivingmentioning

confidence: 97%