Performance enhancement of direct ethanol fuel cell using Nafion composites with high volume fraction of titania

Matos, Bruno R.; Isidoro, R.A.; Santiago, Elisabete I.; Fonseca, Fábio C.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.06.097

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The membranes were pretreated by standard cleaning and activation protocols [13]. Hydrated samples (in the protonic form) were characterized without previous thermal treatment to avoid morphological changes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Titania (anatase) nanoparticles (of * 4-6 nm in diameter [8,13]) were synthesized in situ into Nafion 115 by the sol-gel method with a nominal concentration of C = 20 vol% [13]. The synthesis of Nafion-Titania composites (NT) consists basically in swelling the N115 in ethanol for 1 h at room temperature to facilitate the access of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TIP/1 mol L -1 , Aldrich).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it is interesting to consider that NT composites exhibit a significant increase of the water uptake for T [ 130°C, such a temperature is considerably higher than that observed for Nafion (T [ 100°C) [10,13]. Nevertheless, the deviation from the Arrhenius behavior of the proton conductivity of NT composites occurs at the same temperature as that observed for Nafion (T * 90°C) [9,13]. Such a feature suggests that the mechanism of proton conduction is not only dependent on the water content at high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent measurements of proton conductivity on Nafionbased composites performed at high T have shed some light on the relation between water uptake and proton conductivity [13]. The water uptake (v) of Nafion-Titania composites (NT) prepared by sol-gel (v * 20 vol %) is significantly lower than that of Nafion (v * 40vol %) [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water uptake (v) of Nafion-Titania composites (NT) prepared by sol-gel (v * 20 vol %) is significantly lower than that of Nafion (v * 40vol %) [13]. In addition, it is interesting to consider that NT composites exhibit a significant increase of the water uptake for T [ 130°C, such a temperature is considerably higher than that observed for Nafion (T [ 100°C) [10,13]. Nevertheless, the deviation from the Arrhenius behavior of the proton conductivity of NT composites occurs at the same temperature as that observed for Nafion (T * 90°C) [9,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Irreversibility of proton conductivity of Nafion and Nafion–Titania composites at high relative humidity

Matos

Santiago

Fonseca

2015

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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The temperature dependence of the proton conductivity of Nafion and Nafion-Titania composite in the hydrated state is investigated. The proton conductivity of Nafion-Titania measured in two successive heatings displays irreversibility, a behavior also observed in bare Nafion. The relationship between the proton transport and the dynamics of a-relaxation as proved by dielectric spectroscopy is discussed for Nafion and the composite electrolytes. The results indicate that in the first heating, the proton conductivities of Nafion and Nafion-Titania are modulated only by the glass transition of the ionomer, whereas in the second heating both the a-relaxation and the polymer glass transition are coupled to the charge transport. Such features are important for the development of high-performance electrolytes for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Irreversibility of proton conductivity of Nafion and Nafion–Titania composites at high relative humidity

Matos

Santiago

Fonseca

2015

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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Polymer electrolyte membrane modification in direct ethanol fuel cells: An update

Zakaria

Kamarudin

Wahid

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) offer a high degree of design flexibility, ranging from a single cell to a massive multi‐cell that can be used in various applications, including portable devices, transportation, and stationary applications. Unfortunately, the most significant barrier to the commercialization of DEFCs is getting low‐cost and ethanol permeability, high conductivity performance, and extended durability of polymer electrolyte membranes, as key components that highly influence the overall performance. In this paper, the recent progress in developing the polymer electrolyte membrane for the application of DEFCs has been comprehensively reviewed. Focusing on an updated modification of polymeric materials in the last 5 years, including Nafion‐based membrane, polyvinyl alcohol‐based membrane, polybenzimidazoles‐based membrane, chitosan‐based membrane, and sodium alginate‐based membrane, as well as factors and challenges that affected the performance of polymer electrolyte membranes have been discussed, including the main characterization, catalyst selection, cell design, and work in membrane and cell performance of DEFCs. All discussion addresses the strategy to improve the performance of polymer electrolyte membranes in DEFCs in order to penetrate the commercialization stages.

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Recent advances in additive‐enhanced polymer electrolyte membrane properties in fuel cell applications: An overview

2019

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Summary Additives such as fillers, cross‐linkers, and plasticizers have become increasingly important in the polymer nanocomposite production field, especially for enhancing the structural morphology, functional behavior, and final performance of nanocomposites in broad applications. The current work is an overview of the effects of additive substances such as fillers, cross‐linkers, and plasticizers in the polymer electrolyte membrane composites applied to fuel cells. A comparative review is conducted by categorizing fillers into several types, and the most popular cross‐linkers and plasticizers used in fuel cell membranes are included in this review. The highlighted properties include the proton conductivity, permeability, mechanical properties, thermal properties, crystallinity, and structure of additive‐modified nanocomposites. Furthermore, the challenges and future prospects in the additive field are discussed in Section 5.0. This review can provide a reference for researchers seeking specific substances that can be used to enhance nanocomposite properties, especially in membrane fuel cell applications.

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Performance enhancement of direct ethanol fuel cell using Nafion composites with high volume fraction of titania

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Irreversibility of proton conductivity of Nafion and Nafion–Titania composites at high relative humidity

Irreversibility of proton conductivity of Nafion and Nafion–Titania composites at high relative humidity

Polymer electrolyte membrane modification in direct ethanol fuel cells: An update

Recent advances in additive‐enhanced polymer electrolyte membrane properties in fuel cell applications: An overview

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