Since energy and environmental problems have become severe and urgent which cannot be ignored in the development of modern society, and based on the current situation of energy distribution, this paper gives a review of thermo-electric power generation technology to recover energy. First, a brief introduction of the principle and structure of TEG (Thermoelectric Generator) device is presented. Then, the applications of thermoelectric power generation technology in the recovery of waste heat from internal combustion, industrial plants, daily lives and others are described in detail. The problems existing in actual application of thermoelectric power generation technology are also discussed. All in all, the results of this study can give some directions for further research and development of TEG system.