Performance evaluation of bromofluoropropene in extinguishing liquid fuel spray fires

Abstract

Liquid fuel spray fires emit high radiation heat fluxes, posing great threat to humans. The study of suitable agents and techniques for extinguishing this particular type of fire is of great importance. In this study, degradable 2‐bromo‐3,3,3‐trifluoropropene (BTP), a new clean fire extinguishing agent, was tested for its effectiveness in extinguishing three types of liquid fuel spray fires, namely diesel, gasoline, and ethanol. Bench‐scale experiments were conducted in a 6 × 5 × 3 m compartment with natural ventilation. The liquid fuels sprayed at varying pressures were ignited by a small open flame and then extinguished by a portable BTP extinguisher. Results showed that BTP of less than 60.0 g could extinguish all liquid fuel spray fires of 0.20 to 1.0 MPa in less than 2.0 s. The results also showed that when compared with fire sparked by gasoline and diesel, it is significantly easier to put out ethanol spray fires because of its high flame temperature and low flame power. Based on well‐established fire suppression theories and experimental results, the detailed mechanism of how BTP functions as an extinguishing agent in the suppression of liquid fuel spray fires will be discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Recent advances in transition-metal catalyzed directed C–H functionalization with fluorinated building blocks

“…The trifluoromethylated building block, 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (BTP), is inexpensive, nonozone depleting [132][133][134][135] and one of the readily used building blocks for the introduction of an α-(trifluoromethyl)vinyl derivative into aromatic rings. [136][137][138][139][140] In this context, the directed C-H functionalization with BTP was realized by Bouillon and coworkers in 2016.…”

The Intensification of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in the Operating Condition of Automatic Fire Extinguishing Systems at Objects of Power

“…For example, gas fire suppression is mainly used where installed expensive electric equipment (cable installations, hardware and server rooms). Its main drawback is the toxicity of the extinguishing gas use [1,2]. Systems of aerosol and powder fire applied in smothering the flames in the diesel generator, cable ducts, switching racks, electrical cabinets.…”

Relay Photocatalytic Reaction of N-Aryl Amino Acids and 2-Bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene: Synthesis of 4-(Difluoromethylidene)-tetrahydroquinolines

“…Various radical precursors have been developed as the coupling partners under photocatalytic, transition-metal-catalyzed, and electrochemical conditions (Scheme a) . Typical trifluoromethyl alkenes for these defluorinative reactions are prepared by different coupling reactions from 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (BTP), a bulk industrial chemical and an ideal replacement of Halon fire extinguishant with zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) . Among them, α-trifluoromethylstyrenes are the most popular substrates because the presence of an aryl group on the α-carbon not only facilitates the radical addition to the C–C double bond but also favors the formation of an α-carbanion for β-fluoride elimination.…”