Performance of a prototype surface collector for juvenile salmonids at Bonneville Dam's first powerhouse on the Columbia River, Oregon

Evans, Scott D.; Adams, Noah S.; Rondorf, D.W.; Plumb, John M.; Ebberts, Blaine D.

doi:10.1002/rra.1113

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…For the purpose of this study, attraction efficiency was defined as the percentage of potential migrants that was able to locate the fishway entrance (Aarestrup et al. 2003), whereas entrance efficiency was the percentage at the fishway entrance, which enters a fishway (Evans et al. 2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative assessment of fish passage efficiency

2011

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In an attempt to restore the connectivity of fragmented river habitats, a variety of passage facilities have been installed at river barriers. Despite the cost of building these structures, there has been no quantitative evaluation of their overall success at restoring fish passage. We reviewed articles from 1960 to 2011, extracted data from 65 papers on fish passage efficiency, size and species of fish, and fishway characteristics to determine the best predictors of fishway efficiency. Because data were scarce for fishes other than salmonids (order Salmoniformes), we combined data for all non‐salmonids for our analysis. On average, downstream passage efficiency was 68.5%, slightly higher than upstream passage efficiency of 41.7%, and neither differed across the geographical regions of study. Salmonids were more successful than non‐salmonids in passing upstream (61.7 vs. 21.1%) and downstream (74.6 vs. 39.6%) through fish passage facilities. Passage efficiency differed significantly between types of fishways; pool and weir, pool and slot and natural fishways had the highest efficiencies, whereas Denil and fish locks/elevators had the lowest. Upstream passage efficiency decreased significantly with fishway slope, but increased with fishway length, and water velocity. An information‐theoretic analysis indicated that the best predictors of fish passage efficiency were order of fish (i.e. salmonids > non‐salmonids), type of fishway and length of fishway. Overall, the low efficiency of passage facilities indicated that most need to be improved to sufficiently mitigate habitat fragmentation for the complete fish community across a range of environmental conditions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative assessment of fish passage efficiency

2011

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“…Dam operations were also modified to ensure that spillways were available for passage because these routes are associated with high passage survival (Muir et al 2001). Eventually, surface bypass structures were developed that passed downstream migrants efficiently and conserved water for hydropower production (Johnson et al 2005;Ferguson et al 2007;Evans et al 2008;Adams et al 2014). Collectively, these efforts led to improved passage survival at Columbia and Snake River dams.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These seven sites represent an increasingly popular method of collecting juvenile migratory fishes at such sites in the U.S. Pacific Northwest, and they differ in scale, structure, and operation from well‐known main‐stem dams on the Columbia and Snake rivers (Evans et al. ; Adams et al. ; Skalski et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collectors at these two dams were included in our assessment because their strategy for providing fish passage is similar to the strategy at high-head dams where forebay collectors are operated as the primary option for providing downstream fish passage. These seven sites represent an increasingly popular method of collecting juvenile migratory fishes at such sites in the U.S. Pacific Northwest, and they differ in scale, structure, and operation from well-known main-stem dams on the Columbia and Snake rivers (Evans et al 2008;Adams et al 2014;Skalski et al 2016). Mean annual river discharge at the projects we examined ranged from 32.1 to 131.4 m 3 /s during 2016 (Table 2), which was characterized as a "normal" water year in the Pacific Northwest (USGS 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Operational and Structural Factors Influencing Performance of Fish Collectors in Forebays of High‐Head Dams

et al. 2019

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Providing efficient downstream passage is critical for improving populations of migratory fishes in impounded river systems. High‐head dams, such as those used for water storage or flood‐risk management, pose unique passage challenges requiring unique solutions. Systems to collect fish in dam forebays (“forebay collectors”) for transport to downstream release locations have been used at some high‐head dams in the western United States since the 1950s. Collection efficiency of these facilities has ranged from nearly 0% to 100%, suggesting the need for a better understanding of factors affecting performance in these complex environments if they are to be designed and deployed at new sites. We compiled information on environmental, structural, and performance characteristics of seven existing forebay collectors to quantify factors affecting their performance based on a meta‐analysis using a data set containing 52 separate collection estimates. Covariates included species type (steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss, Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha, Coho Salmon O. kisutch, and Sockeye Salmon O. nerka), collector inflow, collector entrance area, relative size of the dam forebay, and whether or not nets were used to enhance collection. We found that inflow, the use of lead nets, the size of the collector entrance area, the relative size of the dam forebay, and the interaction between collector entrance and forebay areas were significant predictors of collection performance. There was also evidence for differences between species. Chinook Salmon exhibited the lowest collection rates among the projects we examined, while steelhead collection rates were highest. These results provide guidance to design more efficient forebay collectors and improve the success of existing systems.

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“…In the Sacramento River, late fall‐run Chinook salmon migrate mostly at night‐time (Chapman et al ., ). Juvenile Chinook salmon in the Columbia River have varied their migration depths over the 24‐h diel cycle (Beeman and Maule, , ), which has been linked to daytime passage delays and the night‐time entrainment of juvenile Chinook salmon into turbine intakes at dams (Brege et al ., ; Evans et al ., ). Should these juvenile Chinook salmon tend to migrate at a particular time of day, then an important assumption behind estimates of their mortality from entrainment into water pumping stations may not hold (Kimmerer, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diel Activity Patterns of Juvenile Late Fall-run Chinook Salmon with Implications for Operation of a Gated Water Diversion in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta

et al. 2015

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In the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta, California, tidal forces that reverse river flows increase the proportion of water and juvenile late fall‐run Chinook salmon diverted into a network of channels that were constructed to support agriculture and human consumption. This area is known as the interior delta, and it has been associated with poor fish survival. Under the rationale that the fish will be diverted in proportion to the amount of water that is diverted, the Delta Cross Channel (DCC) has been prescriptively closed during the winter out‐migration to reduce fish entrainment and mortality into the interior delta. The fish are thought to migrate mostly at night, and so daytime operation of the DCC may allow for water diversion that minimizes fish entrainment and mortality. To assess this, the DCC gate was experimentally opened and closed while we released 2983 of the fish with acoustic transmitters upstream of the DCC to monitor their arrival and entrainment into the DCC. We used logistic regression to model night‐time arrival and entrainment probabilities with covariates that included the proportion of each diel period with upstream flow, flow, rate of change in flow and water temperature. The proportion of time with upstream flow was the most important driver of night‐time arrival probability, yet river flow had the largest effect on fish entrainment into the DCC. Modelling results suggest opening the DCC during daytime while keeping the DCC closed during night‐time may allow for water diversion that minimizes fish entrainment into the interior delta. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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Performance of a prototype surface collector for juvenile salmonids at Bonneville Dam's first powerhouse on the Columbia River, Oregon

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

A quantitative assessment of fish passage efficiency

A quantitative assessment of fish passage efficiency

Assessment of Operational and Structural Factors Influencing Performance of Fish Collectors in Forebays of High‐Head Dams

Diel Activity Patterns of Juvenile Late Fall-run Chinook Salmon with Implications for Operation of a Gated Water Diversion in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta

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