Performance of acid-activated water caltrop (Trapa natans) shell in fixed bed column for hexavalent chromium removal from simulated wastewater

Kumar, Shravan; Patra, Chandi; Narayanasamy, Selvaraju; Rajaraman, Prasanna Venkatesh

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-09155-8

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Industrial liquid effluents contain a wide variety of chemicals which affect, if discharged without any treatment, rivers, seas, lakes, and groundwater and therefore cause environmental pollution and harmful effects on human and animal health even in low concentrations [1][2][3][4]. Among these chemicals, the dyes used in several sectors such as textiles, cosmetics, plastics, pigments units, leather, and paper industries have been considered as the primary pollutant due to their stability and low biodegradability [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated Carbon for Dyes Removal: Modeling and Understanding the Adsorption Process

maguana

Elhadiri

Benchanâa

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemistry

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Batch adsorption experiments have been conducted to investigate the removal of methyl orange from aqueous solution by an activated carbon prepared from prickly pear seed cake by phosphoric acid activation. The adsorption process has been described by using kinetic and isotherm models. The kinetic of adsorption was examined by pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models. Adsorption isotherm was modeled using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. The adsorption process of methyl orange was well explained by the pseudo-second-order model and Freundlich isotherm. Also, pseudo-n-order model has been applied to estimate the order of adsorption kinetic and it was found equal to 2 which confirm the good accuracy of the pseudo-second order. Moreover, Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm reveals that the adsorption of methyl orange onto activated carbon was a physisorption process in nature. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon was found to be 336.12 mg/g at temperature 20°C and pH∼7. These results demonstrated that the prickly pear seed cake is a suitable precursor for the preparation of appropriate activated carbon for dyes removal from aqueous solution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated Carbon for Dyes Removal: Modeling and Understanding the Adsorption Process

maguana

Elhadiri

Benchanâa

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemistry

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“…In the work by Hsu et al [33], the authors activated the microporous WCH biochar with ZnO and KOH at 900 • C, showing a BET surface area in the range of 1175-1537 m 2 /g. In the study by Kumar et al [34], the BET surface area and t-plot micropore volume of WCH-AC by H 3 PO 4 -activation were 782.89 m 2 /g and 0.134 cm 3 /g, respectively. Based on the data in Table 1, the ratio of micropore surface area to BET surface area was close to 0.76, which is also consistent with the ratio of micropore volume to total pore volume (i.e., 0.71).…”

Section: Pore Properties Of Resulting Activated Carbonmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This agricultural residue is often discarded in farmlands, or sometimes reused as an organic fertilizer. Due to its lignocellulosic compositions, there are some studies on the reuse of WCH as a biosorbent for dye removal [28][29][30], and a precursor for producing carbon materials in recent years [31][32][33][34][35]. For example, Kumar et al [34] investigated the preparation of H 3 PO 4 -activated carbon from WCH and its removal performance of hexavalent chromium, showing a maximum adsorption capacity of 87.31 mg/g according to the Thomas model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid-Phase Removal of Methylene Blue as Organic Pollutant by Mesoporous Activated Carbon Prepared from Water Caltrop Husk Using Carbon Dioxide Activation

Lin

Tsai

2021

Processes

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In this work, a mesoporous activated carbon (AC) was prepared from a unique lignocellulosic biomass (water caltrop husk) in triplicate using a single-step physical activation process at lower temperature (i.e., 750 °C) and longer holding time (i.e., 90 min). Based on the pore properties and adsorption properties for removal of methylene blue (MB) as organic pollutant, the results proved that the resulting AC possesses a mesoporous feature with the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 810.5 m2/g and mesopore volume of about 0.13 cm3/g. Due to its fast adsorption rate and maximal adsorption capacity fitted (126.6 mg/g), the mesoporous carbon material could be used as an excellent adsorbent for liquid-phase removal of MB. In addition, the pseudo-second-order model is well suited for describing the adsorption system between the cationic adsorbate and the resulting AC with oxygen surface groups.

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“…In recent years, there are a few studies on the reuse of WCH as a biosorbent [14][15][16]. Several researches also used it as a starting precursor for the preparation of carbon materials like biochar [17,18], and activated carbon [19][20][21][22][23][24]. However, it should be noted that these reports focused on the activated carbon preparation by chemical activation of WCH except for the previously preliminary study [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Hsu et al [21] studied the chemical activation of WCH by CaCO 3 /KOH as activating agents for producing activated carbons at 900℃, showing that they have high surface area in the range of 1175-1537 m 2 /g. In another example, Kumar et al [22] reported the removal of chromium ion (Cr +6 ) using activated carbon, which was prepared from WCH by H 3 PO 4 activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of physical activation process for activated carbon preparation from water caltrop husk

Tsai

Jiang

2021

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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In the work, water caltrop husk (WCH), locally agricultural residue generated in large quantities, was evaluated as a potential precursor for preparing mesoporous activated carbon (AC) by physical activation under the matrix of activation temperature (600-900℃) and holding times (i.e., 0-150 min). The pore and chemical properties of the resulting AC products, including porosity, true density, elemental analysis (EA), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were determined to find the optimal activation conditions. From the data on the analysis of AC properties, the activation temperature at around 800℃ for holding time of 45 min was observed to produce the optimal WCH-AC product with the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 972.56 m 2 /g, total pore volume of 0.55 cm 3 /g, and porosity of 0.476. Its corresponding mesopore volume and mesopore percentage reached up to 0.19 cm 3 /g and 35%, respectively. In addition, the opposite effect was also observed for the resulting AC products activated at 800℃ under different holding times, indicating the pore enlargement and/or collapse at holding time increased from 45 to 60 min. Based on the chemical analyses, the high oxygen content was found on the surface of the resulting AC product, which could be indicative of slight polar nature (i.e., hydrophilicity) due to the oxygen-containing functional groups.

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Performance of acid-activated water caltrop (Trapa natans) shell in fixed bed column for hexavalent chromium removal from simulated wastewater

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Activated Carbon for Dyes Removal: Modeling and Understanding the Adsorption Process

Activated Carbon for Dyes Removal: Modeling and Understanding the Adsorption Process

Liquid-Phase Removal of Methylene Blue as Organic Pollutant by Mesoporous Activated Carbon Prepared from Water Caltrop Husk Using Carbon Dioxide Activation

Optimization of physical activation process for activated carbon preparation from water caltrop husk

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