Performance of an Innovative Bio-Based Wood Chip Storage Pile Cover—Can It Replace Plastic Tarps?

Abstract

There is currently great general interest in reducing the use of fossil-based materials. Fossil-based tarps are still widely used as cover for wood chip storage piles, causing additional waste or requiring further waste treatment in the supply chain. This study aimed to investigate the performance of an innovative bio-based wood chip pile cover compared to conventional treatments (plastic-covered and uncovered) in eastern Finnish conditions. The experiment evaluated the drying process during the storage of stemwood chips during 5.9 months of storage. It included the developments of temperature, moisture content, heating value, energy content, basic density, particle size distribution, and the dry matter losses of a total of six piles. As a result, the forest stemwood chips dried by 11%, with dry-matter losses of 4.3%, when covered with the bio-pile cover. Using the plastic covering, the forest stemwood chips dried by 22%, with dry matter losses of 2.9%. At the end of the experiment, the energy content in plastic-covered piles was 6.1% higher than uncovered piles and 3.1% higher than bio-pile-covered piles. While differences in the key drying performance parameters can be observed, the differences between uncovered piles and those covered with plastic tarps, as well as between the bio-based and the uncovered piles, were not statistically significant. We conclude that the bio-based cover, under the studied conditions, do not render better storage conditions than in current practices. However, our study indicates possible fossil-substitutional benefits by using a bio-based cover, which calls for further R&D work in this matter.

Self-Heating, Drying, and Dry Matter Losses of Stockpiled Stemwood Chips: The Effect of Ventilation

“…Two of the uncovered piles were ventilated with two metal pipes equipped with wind-driven fans (Figure 2). Partly, the same data from Prinz et al's [26] study were used in this experiment, as the uncovered and plastic covered reference piles were the same in both studies. The chips were transported to the storage area with trucks, and the chips were piled in order of arrival.…”

“…In general, the trials with various permeable pile cover materials have not resulted in marked reduction in the storage losses of stemwood chips [8,12,[25][26][27]. Raitila and Sikanen [28] have suggested utilizing the self-heating of stockpiles to dry fuel chips.…”

Within-Stem Differences in Moisture Content Loss during Transpiration and Air-Drying of Felled Oak Trees

“…Forest residues and whole trees can by bunched and stored in harvest area or in a pile [27]. Additionally, piles can be covered or uncovered [28,29]. Preparation and storage methods are more or less expensive [30].…”