Performance of maize populations under different nitrogen rates in northern Ghana

Adu, Gloria Boakyewaa; Alidu, Huseini; Amegbor, Isaac Kodzo; Abdulai, Mashark Seidu; Nutsugah, S. K.; Ofori, Kwadwo; Kanton, R.A.L.; Buah, S. S. J.; Kombiok, M.J.; Abudulai, Mumuni; Etwire, Prince Maxwell

doi:10.1016/j.aoas.2018.10.001

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The grain yield increases of hybrid varieties with high-yielding and high NUE range from 8% to 10%, and they can reduce the application of nitrogen fertilizer by 16%, thereby demonstrating that it is feasible to cultivate new high yield and high NUE maize varieties (Chen et al, 2013). Adu et al (2018) also suggested maize grain yield could increase under low-N supply at the same time maintaining the grain yield potential under high-N conditions is achievable when NUE genotypes are adopted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Shoot and root traits of summer maize hybrid varieties with higher grain yields and higher nitrogen use efficiency at low nitrogen application rates

Kamran

Xie

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Breeding high-yielding and nitrogen-efficient maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid varieties is a strategy that could simultaneously solve the problems of resource shortages and environmental pollution. We conducted a 2-year field study using four nitrogen application rates (0, 150, 225, and 300 kg N hm−2) and two maize hybrid varieties (ZD958 and QS101) to understand the plant traits related to high grain yields and high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). We found that ZD958 had a higher grain yield and nitrogen accumulation in the shoots at harvest as well as a higher NUE at lower nitrogen application rates (0 and 150 kg hm–2) than QS101. The grain yields and NUE were almost identical for the two hybrid varieties at nitrogen application rates of 225 and 300 kg N hm–2. Compared with QS101, ZD958 had higher above-ground and below-ground biomass amounts, a deeper root distribution, longer root length, root active absorption area, greater grain filling rate, and higher photosynthetic NUE than QS101 at lower nitrogen application rates. Our results showed that ZD958 can maintain a higher grain yield at lower nitrogen rates in a similar manner to N-efficient maize hybrid varieties. The selection of hybrids such as ZD958 with a deeper root distribution and higher photosynthetic NUE can increase the grain yield and NUE under low nitrogen conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Shoot and root traits of summer maize hybrid varieties with higher grain yields and higher nitrogen use efficiency at low nitrogen application rates

Kamran

Xie

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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“…In contrast, the mean of shoot dry weight was decreased by 51% under low N compared to high N. Therefore, High N level was found to be more reliable for discriminating shoot dry weight. Adu et al [ 32 ] documented that low N environment could be regarded as the most discriminating environment for selecting low and high N efficient genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The N use efficiency and its components were calculated as follows; N use efficiency (NUE: SDW/total N applied), N uptake efficiency with root N content (NUpE-wR: N content in the plant (shoot and root)/total N applied), N uptake efficiency without root N content (NUpE-w/oR: shoot N content/total N applied), N utilization efficiency with root N content (NUtE-wR: SDW/N content in the plant) and N utilization efficiency without root N content (NUtE-w/oR: SDW/shoot N content) [ 11 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ] ( Table 7 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited Nitrogen and Plant Growth Stages Discriminate Well Nitrogen Use, Uptake and Utilization Efficiency in Popcorn

Khan

Júnior

Ferreira

et al. 2020

Plants

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The extensive use of nitrogen (N) in agriculture has caused negative impacts on the environment and costs. In this context, two pot experiments were performed under different N levels and harvested at different vegetative stages to assess two popcorn inbred lines (P2 and L80) and their hybrid (F1 = P2 × L80) for the N use, uptake and utilization efficiency (with the inclusion and exclusion of root N content); to find the contrasting N levels and vegetative stages that effect nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and to understand the relationship between the traits related to NUE. The hybrid and P2 were confirmed better than L80 for all the studied traits. NUE is mainly affected by the shoot dry weight, uptake and utilization efficiency. Extremely low and high N levels were found to be more discriminating for N use and dry weight, respectively. At the V6 (six fully expanded leaf) stage, root N content (RNC) should be considered; in contrast, at the VT (tasseling stage) stage, RNC should not be considered for the uptake and utilization efficiency. The genetic parameter performance for N use, uptake, shoot dry weight and N content could favor the achievement of the genetic gain in advanced segregating generations.

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“…The crop is predominantly cultivated by smallholder resourceconstrained farmers, mostly under rain-fed conditions. Despite the large hectares of farmland cultivated yearly, the average grain yield of maize on farmers' fields in Ghana in 2014 was 1.7 t ha −1 (FAOSTAT 2019) which is approximately 253% less than the estimated achievable yield of about 6 t ha −1 reported by Adu et al (2014). These low yields could be due to several factors including low soil fertility, drought during critical stages of crop growth, weed and pest infestation, and limited use of inputs such as fertilizer and improved seeds (Adu et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Despite the large hectares of farmland cultivated yearly, the average grain yield of maize on farmers' fields in Ghana in 2014 was 1.7 t ha −1 (FAOSTAT 2019) which is approximately 253% less than the estimated achievable yield of about 6 t ha −1 reported by Adu et al (2014). These low yields could be due to several factors including low soil fertility, drought during critical stages of crop growth, weed and pest infestation, and limited use of inputs such as fertilizer and improved seeds (Adu et al 2014). Sanchez (2002) reported that soil fertility depletion in smallholder farmers' fields was the major biophysical cause for the declining rate of crop production in most sub-Saharan African countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Economically Optimal Rate for Nutrient Application to Maize in the Semi-deciduous Forest Zone of Ghana

Essel

Abaidoo

Opoku

et al. 2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Low inherent nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents of smallholder farms limit maize grain yield. Maize grain yield response to N, P, and K mineral fertilizer application and economically optimal rates for nitrogen (EOR N), phosphorus (EOR P), and potassium (EOR K) were evaluated on a Ferric Acrisol within the semi-deciduous forest zone of Ghana. The nutrient rates evaluated were N (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha −1), P (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg ha −1 P 2 O 5), and K (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha −1 K 2 O). The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block with three replications using an incomplete factorial design. Nutrient responses were determined using asymptotic quadratic-plus plateau functions. The best nitrogen rate for all P and K levels was 60 kg ha −1 , which gave grain yield of 5 t ha −1. Nitrogen uptake, N agronomic and N recovery efficiencies peaked at 60 kg N ha −1 while N partial factor productivity declined with increasing N application rate. Cost to grain price ratios (CP) were 1.29, 1.65, and 1.65 for N, P, and K, respectively. The EOR N was 61 kg ha −1 , 32% less than the recommended 90 kg N ha −1 for maize production in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Ghana. Nitrogen application had the lowest CP ratio, making its application economically profitable than P and K. The findings suggest that the application of N at 61 kg N ha −1 to maize is economically profitable than at higher application rates. However, further studies should be conducted on farmers' fields to validate the results obtained.

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Performance of maize populations under different nitrogen rates in northern Ghana

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Shoot and root traits of summer maize hybrid varieties with higher grain yields and higher nitrogen use efficiency at low nitrogen application rates

Shoot and root traits of summer maize hybrid varieties with higher grain yields and higher nitrogen use efficiency at low nitrogen application rates

Limited Nitrogen and Plant Growth Stages Discriminate Well Nitrogen Use, Uptake and Utilization Efficiency in Popcorn

Economically Optimal Rate for Nutrient Application to Maize in the Semi-deciduous Forest Zone of Ghana

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