Performance of Sunflower Cultivated in Sandy Soils at a Wide Range of Planting Dates in Egypt

Abstract

In Egypt, newly reclaimed soils offer a great opportunity to increase the area devoted to oilseed crops. The objectives of this research were to determine the optimum planting date(s) that achieve the highest seed and oil yields per unit land area and to determine the suitable cultivar for sandy soils of Wadi El-Natroon region, Egypt. As well as, study the changes in fatty acid profile entire year. The field experiments were conducted in the Desert Exp. Sta. Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., Wadi El-Natroon, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt under drip irrigation system in 2013 and 2014 years. Sakha-53 and Giza 102 sunflower cultivars were monthly planted, from January up to December. Results refers that there is a possibility of planting sunflower from February up to August in new reclaimed sandy soil under Egyptian conditions. The results revealed that seed yield fed-1 significantly varied among planting dates. The highest seed and oil yields fed-1 were obtained from 1 st March planting (1038.3 and 400.1 kg fed-1) followed by April planting (911.7 and 352.1 kg fed-1). Sakha-53 surpassed Giza-102 in all studied traits. Concerning fatty acids composition results indicated that increasing growing temperatures resulted in more oleic acid and total unsaturated fatty acids. As well as, less linoleic acid and total saturated fatty acids. Seed yield fed-1 is very closely and significantly related to seed yield plant-1 (r=0.87), number of leaves plant-1 (r=0.83) and less extent to head diameter (r=0.75).

Effect of Sowing Date and Preceding Crop, on Growth and Productivity of the Sunflower Hybrid Sirena, Under Varying Nitrogen Fertilization Levels

“…1). These results are not in full agreement with those of Hamza & Safina (2015), who reported a reduction in oil percentage from 38.5 to 37%, due to delay in sowing date.…”

“…Similarly, Abd El Mohsen ( 2012), observed that seed yield of the cultivars Sakha 53, Giza 102 and the hybrid Pioneer 63M02 was reduced from 2.32, 1.96 and 1.89ton/ ha when sown on the 1 st of May to 1.58, 1.23 and 1.14 t/ha when sown on the 1 st of July, respectively. Moreover, Hamza & Safina (2015) indicated that the delay in sowing from March (where maximum seed yield and oil yield were obtained) to August, resulted in average reduction in seed yield for the two cultivars Sakha 53 and Giza 102 from 2.49ton/ ha to 1.90ton/ha, respectively. Means followed by the same letter within the same column are insignificantly different at 0.05 level of probability.…”

“…Sowing date and nitrogen fertilization are the two main factors that have been shown to affect sunflower productivity and oil content. Delayed sowing has been shown to negatively impact sunflower growth characters, seed yield and oil content (Abd El Mohsen, 2012;Hamza & Safina, 2015;Ozturk et al, 2017). According to the results of Alonso-Ayuso et al (2016) maize growing leads to a reduction in soil inorganic nitrogen along the entire soil profile (being more pronounced in the range between 0-60cm), while sunflower grown after maize depleted layers between 40-100cm.…”

Edaphoclimatic factors determining sunflower yields spatiotemporal dynamics in northern Ukraine

“…These findings are in accordance with our study results, indicating that under Ukrainian conditions, sunflower is quite sensitive to edaphic and climatic factors, which can explain from 34 to 58% of the variations in the parameters of the crop yield dynamics. It should be noted that sunflowers are adaptable to a wide variety of soils and are even successfully cultivated on sandy soils (Hamza and Safina, 2015), nevertheless, the crop gives the best results on good soils suitable for growing corn or wheat (Radanielson et al, 2012). Our study confirmed that sunflower yields positively correlated with the SOC, which directly reflects soil fertility.…”

Variability of head diameter in sunflower hybrids depending on planting date

“…Numerous researchers have found significant positive correlations between morphological characters such as head diameter and seed yield (HLADNI et al, 2003;KAYA et al, 2009;HLADNI et al, 2010;DARVISHYADEH et al, 2011;ŠKORIĆ, 2012;HAMZA and SAFINA, 2015).…”