Performance of the Optimal Test for Malaria Diagnosis Among Suspected Malaria Patients at the Rural Health Centers

Iqbal, Jamshaid; Muneer, Arif; Khalid, Nabila; Ahmed, Mohammed

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2003.68.624

Cited by 39 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…16 The results of present study indicated that 50 (20.16%) were infected with malaria and and the rest 198 (79.20%) were malaria negative out of total 248 blood samples. This matched the results of the study done by Iqbal et al 17 [2003] who obtained blood specimens from 930 suspected malaria patients attending BHU and found 231 [25%] to be positive.…”

Section: Discussion:-supporting

confidence: 78%

Differential Diagnosis of Malaria by Peripheral Blood Smear, Antigen Detection and Centrifuged Buffy Coat Smear Examination.

Prabhas¹,

Garg²,

Singh³

et al. 2017

IJAR

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Purpose: Malaria continues to be a global public health challenge especially in the tropical and sub-tropical countries. Control and eradication of malaria have become very challenging issues and requires prompt treatment to save the patient's life, which in turn requires a rapid and accurate diagnosis. Several approaches have been developed in recent times to enable early and reliable diagnosis of malaria. Each of the techniques has their own advantages and disadvantages. The present study was undertaken to assess the usefulness of a modified centrifuged buffy coat smear (CBCS) technique for diagnosis of malaria and to compare it with a antigen detection test and conventional PBS examination. Material and methods: The present study was conducted on the blood samples of patients with suspected case of Malaria received in the department of Microbiology MMIMSR, Mullana. 50 positive samples were taken by RDT and then compared with PBF and CBC. The present study demonstrated the performance of a modified technique for diagnosis of malaria by incorporating a centrifugation-enhanced step into the conventional method of smear preparation and examination for malaria. This helps to concentrate the parasites, which are then easily visualized by microscopy and compared with rapid diagnostic test by antigen detection kit and conventional peripheral blood smear. Results: It was observed that while both PBS (100%) and CBCS (100%) had excellent specificity, But PBS had low sensitivity (94%) in detecting the malaria parasites as compared with CBCS (100%). Conclusion: It was concluded that CBCS is an easy, rapid and accurate technique and could be adopted for reliable diagnosis of malaria in resource-limited settings where RDT and QBC may prove to be costlier options.

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Section: Discussion:-supporting

confidence: 78%

Differential Diagnosis of Malaria by Peripheral Blood Smear, Antigen Detection and Centrifuged Buffy Coat Smear Examination.

Prabhas¹,

Garg²,

Singh³

et al. 2017

IJAR

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“…The OptiMAL test shows sensitivity similar to those reported for other dipsticks, such as ParaSight and ICT Malaria Pf/Pv, which ranged from 86-100 and 58-96%, respectively (3,20,(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33) Coleman et al (35) evaluated the efficacy of the ICT Malaria Pf/Pv in a large study of 559 asymptomatic patients from an endemic area of Thailand using conventional microscopy as the reference method, and found that the sensitivity for P. falciparum dropped from 100 to 23.3% when the parasitemia was below 500 trophozoites/µL. For P. vivax infections, the sensitivity dropped from 66.7% to 0 at parasitemia below 500 trophozoites/µL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Comparison of the diagnosis of malaria by microscopy, immunochromatography and PCR in endemic areas of Venezuela

Rodulfo

Donato

Mora

et al. 2007

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Whole blood samples (N = 295) were obtained from different locations in Amazonas and Sucre States, in Venezuela. Malaria was diagnosed by microscopy, OptiMAL™ and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with Plasmodium vivax, P. falciparum, and P. malariae being detected when possible. We identified 93 infections, 66 of which were caused by P. vivax, 26 by P. falciparum, and 1 was a mixed infection. No infection caused by P. malariae was detected. The sensitivity and specificity of each diagnostic method were high: 95.7 and 97.9% for microscopy, 87.0 and 97.9% for OptiMAL, and 98.0 and 100% for PCR, respectively. Most samples (72.2%) showed more than 5000 parasites/µL blood. The sensitivity of the diagnosis by microscopy and OptiMAL decreased with lower parasitemia. All samples showing disagreement among the methods were reevaluated, but the first result was used for the calculations. Parasites were detected in the 6 false-negative samples by microscopy after the second examination. The mixed infection was only detected by PCR, while the other methods diagnosed it as P. falciparum (microscopy) or P. vivax (OptiMAL) infection. Most of the false results obtained with the OptiMAL strip were related to the P. falciparum-specific band, including 3 species misdiagnoses, which could be related to the test itself or to genetic variation of the Venezuelan strains. The use of the microscopic method for malaria detection is recommended for its low cost but is very difficult to implement in large scale, population-based studies; thus, we report here more efficient methods suitable for this purpose.

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“…The adoption of RDT by community health workers could facilitate diagnosis in local malaria-endemic areas with limited health personnel and facilities (Harvey et al, 2008). However, the accuracy of a clinical diagnosis is dependent on the disease endemicity level, malaria season and the age group under consideration (Dicko et al, 2005;Mwangi et al, 2005), thus the discrepancies observed in RDT sensitivities in several observational studies (Grobusch et al, 2003;Iqbal et al, 2003;Fernando et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Assessment of Microscopy and Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) as Malaria Diagnostic Tools

Oyeyemi¹,

Ogunlade²,

Oyewole³

2015

Research J. of Parasitology

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Management of malaria requires prompt diagnosis of malaria by microscopy, Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs), or other available tools. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of RDT and microscopy in detection of malaria parasite in a malaria endemic area of Nigeria among different population groups. The cross sectional study was conducted on 251 febrile patients who were directed to the laboratory department for blood screening for malaria parasites at Ogunlade Hospital, Ijebu Ode, Ogun state. Blood samples were collected and screened for malaria parasites microscopically and by using First Response RDT. The prevalence of malaria obtained through microscopy (66.8%) was significantly higher than in RDT (36.8%) (p<0.05). Considering microscopy as the gold standard, RDT exhibited high specificity (87.1%) and low sensitivity (42.5%) with positive predictive and negative predictive values of 86.6 and 43.5%, respectively. The sensitivity of RDT increased significantly with increase in P. falciparum parasitaemia (p<0.0001). The routine microscopy test demonstrated a superior sensitivity compared to First Response RDT method of malaria diagnosis, however, RDT could be a useful tool in individuals suspected to show high degree of disease spectrum for quick intervention in order to avert danger associated with delayed diagnosis.

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Performance of the Optimal Test for Malaria Diagnosis Among Suspected Malaria Patients at the Rural Health Centers

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Differential Diagnosis of Malaria by Peripheral Blood Smear, Antigen Detection and Centrifuged Buffy Coat Smear Examination.

Differential Diagnosis of Malaria by Peripheral Blood Smear, Antigen Detection and Centrifuged Buffy Coat Smear Examination.

Comparison of the diagnosis of malaria by microscopy, immunochromatography and PCR in endemic areas of Venezuela

Comparative Assessment of Microscopy and Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) as Malaria Diagnostic Tools

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