“…Previous studies demonstrated that CWs are capable of removing a majority of environmental pollutants including nitrogen, phosphorous, chemical oxygen demand (COD) (Lin et al, 2002a;Hu et al, 2012;Li et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2013), and emerging contaminants such as antibiotics (Hijosa-Valsero et al, 2011;Berglund et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2015) and ARGs Chen et al, 2015). Their performance depends on the design parameters such as plant species, flow types, substrates, hydraulic loading rates, hydraulic retention time and applied pollutants loadings (Hijosa-Valsero et al, 2010;Hijosa-Valsero et al, 2011;Saeed and Sun, 2012;Weerakoon et al, 2013;Wu et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2015).…”