Perhubungan Antara Stesen Kerja Ergonomik dan Stres: Kajian Terhadap Operator Pengeluaran di Organisasi Multinasional di Malaysia

Abstract

Penyelidikan ini bertujuan mengkaji perhubungan di antara faktor stesen kerja ergonomik dan akibat stres. Sampel seramai lima ratus operator pengeluaran telah dipilih daripada sebelas organisasi perkilangan elektronik yang berdaftar dengan Malaysian International Chamber of Commerce and Industry (MICCI) dengan menggunakan kaedah persampelan rawak berstrata berkadaran. Kaedah soal selidik telah digunakan dalam proses pengumpulan data kajian ini. Penemuan utama menunjukkan reka bentuk stesen kerja ergonomik merupakan strategi penting dalam meminimumkan akibat stres dalam organisasi. Analisis korelasi Pearson mengukuhkan kenyataan ini dengan menunjukkan kesemua faktor stesen kerja ergonomik mempunyai kekuatan hubungan yang signifikan dengan akibat stres. Analisis regresi linear berbilang menunjukkan faktor kesihatan, reka bentuk ruang kerja, kerja syif, sistem pengudaraan dan tempoh masa bekerja mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan akibat stres. Komponen stesen kerja ergonomik pula membuktikan bahawa faktor manusia dan persekitaran mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan akibat stres. Kata kunci: Ergonomik; stres; operator pengeluaran; stesen kerja; organisasi multinasional This study aims to examine the relationship between ergonomics workstation factors and the work stress outcomes. Five hundred samples of manufacturing operators were derived from eleven manufacturing electronics organizations which were registered with Malaysian International Chamber of Commerce and Industry (MICCI) by using proportionate stratified random sampling. Questionnaires were used for the data collection process. The major finding shows that ergonomically designed workstation is an important strategy in minimizing the work stress outcomes in organizations. These findings have been supported by the Pearson correlation analysis which shows that all ergonomics workstation factors have high significant correlation with the work stress outcomes. The multiple regression analysis shows health, work area design, work shift, humidity system and working hours factors have significant relationship with work stress outcomes. Furthermore, ergonomics workstation components proved that the human and environment factors have significant relationship with the work stress outcomes. Key words: Ergonomics, stress, manufacturing operator, workstation, multinational organizations