Peri-Implant Diseases

Abstract

As dental implant-retained prostheses become more popular the prevalence of peri-implant complications will also increase. Dental practitioners and care professionals should appreciate their potential roles in the management of these conditions.

Prosthodontic complications associated with implant retained crowns and bridgework: a review of the literature

“…1). 10 Peri-implant mucositis may affect up to 50% of implants and is characterised by bleeding on probing. 11 Peri-implant mucositis usually resolves with improved homecare, antiseptic mouthwash and careful mechanical cleaning.…”

“…10,14 Peri-implantitis is characterised by marginal bone loss and may be associated with bleeding on probing, suppuration, pocket formation and mucosal recession. 11 Marginal bone loss during the first year of function is attributed to remodelling and peri-implantitis cannot be diagnosed until after this time.…”

“…11 Marginal bone loss during the first year of function is attributed to remodelling and peri-implantitis cannot be diagnosed until after this time. 10 It has been suggested that peri-implantitis may be diagnosed when the bone adjacent to ≥3 threads of an implant is lost after one year in function. 10 However, as implant designs and distances between threads vary, this definition would appear unsatisfactory.…”

“…10 It has been suggested that peri-implantitis may be diagnosed when the bone adjacent to ≥3 threads of an implant is lost after one year in function. 10 However, as implant designs and distances between threads vary, this definition would appear unsatisfactory. Putative risk factors for peri-implantitis include smoking, diabetes mellitus, poor oral hygiene, a history of periodontal disease, interleukin-1 genotype, alcohol, rough surfaced implants, retained cement, (Figs 2 and 3) and poorly fitting abutments or superstructures.…”

“…11 Gentle probing (≤0.25 N) is unlikely to damage the implant surface or the epithelial attachment and should be repeated annually. 10,11,14 Studies suggest that future attachment loss is unlikely to occur in the absence of bleeding on probing. 14 Probing depths are generally greater around implants than teeth and a probing depth of 6 mm is not uncommon in health.…”