Periodic and Intermittent Fasting in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

Crupi, Annunziata; Haase, Jonathan; Brandhorst, Sebastian; Longo, Valter D.

doi:10.1007/s11892-020-01362-4

Cited by 51 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…However, there are no precise definitions of eTRF; generally, consumption typically ends by 4 or 5 PM. Research shows the profound effect that IF can have on a range of outcomes including weight loss and metabolic disease [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Biologically, irrespective of weight loss, IF can elicit adaptive cellular responses within and between organs in a way that reduces inflammation, and improves glucose regulation, and resistance against oxidative and metabolic stress [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Fasting Duration, Timing of First and Last Meal, and Cardiometabolic Endpoints in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

et al. 2021

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Background: Research indicates potential cardiometabolic benefits of energy consumption earlier in the day. This study examined the association between fasting duration, timing of first and last meals, and cardiometabolic endpoints using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: Cross-sectional data from NHANES (2005–2016) were utilized. Diet was obtained from one to two 24-h dietary recalls to characterize nighttime fasting duration and timing of first and last meal. Blood samples were obtained for characterization of C-reactive protein (CRP); glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c %); insulin; glucose; and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol. Survey design procedures for adjusted linear and logistic regression were performed. Results: Every one-hour increase in nighttime fasting duration was associated with a significantly higher insulin and CRP, and lower HDL. Every one-hour increase in timing of the last meal of the day was statistically significantly associated with higher HbA1c and lower LDL. Every one-hour increase in first mealtime was associated with higher CRP (β = 0.044, p = 0.0106), insulin (β = 0.429, p < 0.01), and glucose (β = 0.662, p < 0.01), and lower HDL (β = −0.377, p < 0.01). Conclusion: In this large public health dataset, evidence for the beneficial effect of starting energy consumption earlier in the day on cardiometabolic endpoints was observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Fasting Duration, Timing of First and Last Meal, and Cardiometabolic Endpoints in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

et al. 2021

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“…Whether each of these dietary interventions has a differential impact on the immune system remains to be systematically addressed. However, they share numerous commonalities revolving around the hormones induced and intracellular signaling pathways engaged (Crupi et al, 2020;Salvadori et al, 2021). Those signaling components and enzymes that are altered include AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) (Salvadori et al, 2021;Saxton and Sabatini, 2017a).…”

Section: Restricted Dietary Intake Optimizes Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of immunity via nutritional interventions

Collins

Belkaid

2022

Immunity

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Nutrition affects all physiological processes including those linked to the development and function of our immune system. Here, we discuss recent evidence and emerging concepts supporting the idea that our newfound relationship with nutrition in industrialized countries has fundamentally altered the way in which our immune system is wired. This will be examined through the lens of studies showing that mild or transient reductions in dietary intake can enhance protective immunity while also limiting aberrant inflammatory responses. We will further discuss how trade-offs and priorities begin to emerge in the context of severe nutritional stress. In those settings, specific immunological functions are heightened to re-enforce processes and tissue sites most critical to survival. Altogether, these examples will emphasize the profound influence nutrition has over the immune system and highlight how a mechanistic exploration of this cross talk could ultimately lead to the design of novel therapeutic approaches that prevent and treat disease.

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“…TRE has been shown to significantly lower fasting glucose levels, fasting insulin levels, and insulin resistance, while increasing insulin sensitivity, although this was not universally observed [15,[61][62][63]. The beneficial effects regarding glycemic control appear more evident in early (between 8 a.m. and 2 p.m.) TRE (eTRE).…”

Section: Time Restricted Eating and Change In Glucose Metabolism-diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we synthesized a brief review of the most recent evidence involving the effects of chrononutrition and the specific chrononutritionbased dietary interventions on body weight and other cardiovascular disease risk factors. The array of these chrono-nutritional interventions includes intermittent fasting (IF) and the time-restricted eating (TRE), a distinct form of IF [15,16]. The focus of this review will be TRE, over the forms of IF, because TRE involves an element of restricted food timing within the day, optimally aligned to the biological rhythmicity imposed by the circadian clock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrononutrition in Cardiometabolic Health

Katsi

Papakonstantinou

Σουλαϊδόπουλος

et al. 2022

JCM

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In recent years, a healthy balanced diet together with weight reduction has risen to the forefront of minimizing the impact of cardiovascular disease. There is evidence that metabolic processes present circadian rhythmicity. Moreover, the timing of food consumption exerts a powerful influence on circadian rhythms. In this context, the subject of chrononutrition, described as the alignment of timing of food intake to the rhythms imposed by the circadian clock, has attracted considerable interest for possible beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. Current human studies suggest that chrononutrition-based dietary interventions could reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease by improving weight control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. However, meta-analysis of randomized control trials in this topic present varying and somehow conflicting results. Even the traditional association of breakfast skipping with adverse cardiovascular outcomes is nowadays controversial. Therefore, long-term and fairly consistent studies on the effect of chrononutrition on cardiovascular outcomes are needed. The purpose of this review is to provide concise evidence of the most recent literature involving the effects of chrononutrition and the specific chrononutrition-based dietary interventions, in particular time-restricted eating, on body weight and other cardiovascular disease risk factors.

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Periodic and Intermittent Fasting in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 51 publications

References 86 publications

Associations between Fasting Duration, Timing of First and Last Meal, and Cardiometabolic Endpoints in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Associations between Fasting Duration, Timing of First and Last Meal, and Cardiometabolic Endpoints in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Control of immunity via nutritional interventions

Chrononutrition in Cardiometabolic Health

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