Periodicity of Speech in Parkinsonism

Mawdsley, C.; Gamsu, C. V.

doi:10.1038/231315a0

Cited by 39 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The subjects who participated in this investigation were not selected on the basis of obvious speech impairment. This may account for the conflicting findings be tween the present and previous investigations of speech prosody in PD [5][6][7], Selegiline induces an increase in levodopa blood level [17], Consequently, it is possible that selegiline may have partly or completely resulted in the observed changes by increasing serum levodopa levels. Placebo effect could have also been operative.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…Also, these investigations have been limited to select analysis of only two of the five speech processes: prosody and articu lation. Studies of prosody with levodopa treatment have demonstrated improvement in reading rate, but not no improvement of intonation (or stress and rhythm) [5][6][7], Stud ies of articulation with levodopa treatment have demonstrated improvement in plosive consonant productions and oral motor move ments [8][9][10][11]. No prior studies have ad dressed the three speech processes of respira tion, phonation, and resonation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Selegiline on Speech Performance in Parkinson’s Disease

Br¹,

Ss²,

Ws³

et al. 1993

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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Comprehensive speech examinations of 10 equally affected subjects with moderate, treated Parkinson’s disease were performed before and 4 weeks following initiation of treatment with selegiline (deprenyl), with other drug therapies unchanged. Forty different measures relating to the speech processes of respiration, phonation, resonation, articulation and prosody were examined to measure changes in performance due to selegiline. Significant improvements were noted for 8 of the 40 measures, with these improvements relating to the speech processes of articulation and respiration. The potential interactive effects of comedication are discussed. In addition, previously undescribed comprehensive speech characteristics of moderate Parkinson’s disease are presented and discussed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Selegiline on Speech Performance in Parkinson’s Disease

Br¹,

Ss²,

Ws³

et al. 1993

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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“…20,21 Even though consistent quantitative differences between ON and OFF states are still elusive, it should be noted that a number of studies have found relatively consistent overall perceptual improvements when comparing the ON states to the OFF state. 18,22,23 Overall, there appears to be a mismatch between the perceived perceptual improvement and the lack of robust quantitative data explaining the perceptual differences. It is possible that this mismatch occurs because most of the phonation research has examined behavior via relatively long-term speaking tasks (such as monologue tasks, paragraph-length reading tasks, or prolonged vowel productions).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Fundamental Frequency Change During Offset and Onset of Voicing in Individuals with Parkinson Disease

Goberman

Blomgren

2008

Journal of Voice

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“…Limb control studies has shown that L ‐dopa can normalize preparatory motor set and increase the average stride length of PD patients, nevertheless, motor instability (or the sequence effect) was not improved 42. In speech, while perceptual studies have documented higher intelligibility ratings when on L ‐dopa, which might (in part) be due to an overall increment in speech volume,43, 44 this has rarely been objectively examined. Furthermore, there are no published reports examining the effect of L ‐dopa motor instability or speech fading.…”

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confidence: 99%

Efficient generation of human hepatocytes by the intrahepatic delivery of clonal human mesenchymal stem cells in fetal sheep

et al. 2007

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Alternative methods to whole liver transplantation require a suitable cell that can be expanded to obtain sufficient numbers required for successful transplantation while maintaining the ability to differentiate into hepatocytes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess several advantageous characteristics for cell-based therapy and have been shown to be able to differentiate into hepatocytes. Thus, we investigated whether the intrahepatic delivery of human MSCs is a safe and effective method for generating human hepatocytes and whether the route of administration influences the levels of donorderived hepatocytes and their pattern of distribution throughout the parenchyma of the recipient's liver. Human clonally derived MSCs were transplanted by an intraperitoneal (n ‫؍‬ 6) or intrahepatic (n ‫؍‬ 6) route into preimmune fetal sheep. The animals were analyzed 56-70 days after transplantation by immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and flow cytometry. The intrahepatic injection of human MSCs was safe and resulted in more efficient generation of hepatocytes (12.5% ؎ 3.5% versus 2.6% ؎ 0.4%). The animals that received an intrahepatic injection exhibited a widespread distribution of hepatocytes throughout the liver parenchyma, whereas an intraperitoneal injection resulted in a preferential periportal distribution of human hepatocytes that produced higher amounts of albumin. Furthermore, hepatocytes were generated from MSCs without the need to first migrate/lodge to the bone marrow and give rise to hematopoietic cells. Conclusion: Our studies provide evidence that MSCs are a valuable source of cells for liver repair and regeneration and that, by the alteration of the site of injection, the generation of hepatocytes occurs in different hepatic zones, suggesting that a combined transplantation approach may be necessary to successfully repopulate the liver with these cells. (HEPATOLOGY 2007;46:1935-1945 T he maintenance of cellular homeostasis within the normal liver and during liver regeneration is provided by mature hepatocytes and cholangiocytes and by the intrahepatic (IH) stem cell compartment located in the canals of Hering and the intralobular bile ducts. 1 Recently, another potential source of cells able to provide liver cell replacement has been identified. These stem/progenitor cells consist of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that reside within the bone marrow (BM) but can reach the liver through the circulatory system. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Because it is clearly evident that the shortage of available human donor organs cannot meet the needs of all the patients awaiting liver transplantation, alternatives to whole-organ replacement are urgently needed. Cell-based treatments, with cells of either hepatic or extrahepatic origin that would be able to repopulate and re-establish a functional liver after administration, could serve as a possible alternative to wholeorgan transplantation.In order to attain this goal, several questions, such as the sour...

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Periodicity of Speech in Parkinsonism

Cited by 39 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of Selegiline on Speech Performance in Parkinson’s Disease

Effect of Selegiline on Speech Performance in Parkinson’s Disease

Fundamental Frequency Change During Offset and Onset of Voicing in Individuals with Parkinson Disease

Efficient generation of human hepatocytes by the intrahepatic delivery of clonal human mesenchymal stem cells in fetal sheep

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