Periodization models used in the current sport

Abstract

Traditional periodization has some characteristics that are the individualization of the training load, training load response based on biological laws and most of these models have the objective of the athlete archive the peak. The contemporary periodization has the following characteristics: individualized training load with monitoring of the physiological adaptation, training of the specific motor capacities of the modality, use of the evolution time and of the residual training effect for the coach prescribes the session, much attention with technical and tactical training and attention in the training with the injury level. Which periodization (traditional and contemporary) models are indicated to be used in contemporary sports? The objective of the review was to determining the types of periodization (traditional and contemporary) for each sport (individual, team, and combat). Traditional periodization has four types of periodization for the coach prescribes the training. The periodization models are the traditional periodization of Matveev, the pendular periodization of Arosiev and Kalinin, the high load system of Vorobiev and the periodization of the structural scheme of high-intensity loads of Tschiene. Contemporary periodization are for the individual sport (block periodization, individualized periodization and ATR periodization), a model for the individualized and collective sports (periodization of the structural bells), five periodization for the collective sports games (periodization of long-form state, microstructure periodization, tactical periodization, non-linear periodization and selective load periodization) and a model for the volleyball (specific periodization for the volleyball). In conclusion, the coach that knows the periodization has more probability of success during a championship.

Periodização para o esporte contemporâneo

“…Então, é necessário o treinador estruturar adequadamente o volume, intensidade e descanso do atleta da periodização esportiva para ele atingir o alto desempenho na disputa (Kataoka et ál., 2021). Alguns tipos de periodização visam ao pico da forma esportiva, o que pode ser visto na periodização tradicional do russo Matveev de 1952, na periodização pendular de Arosiev e Kalinin de 1971, na periodização do sistema de altas cargas do russo Vorobiev de 1974, na periodização do esquema estrutural de cargas de alta intensidade do alemão oriental Tschiene de 1977, na periodização em bloco do russo Verkhoshanski de 1979, na periodização de longo estado de forma do romeno Bompa de 1984, na periodização em bloco ATR do russo Issurin e Kaverin de 1985, na periodização de microestrutura do espanhol Seirul-lo Vargas de 1987 e na periodização do macrociclo integrado do espanhol Navarro dos anos 1990 (Marques Junior, 2020b;2020c). Logo, existem nove concepções de periodização que objetivam o pico da forma esportiva.…”

Position-specific workload of professional rugby union players during tactical periodization training

“…From academy systems to elite sports, coaches have applied periodization models for many decades, indicating widespread cultural acceptance [1,2]. Periodization is an essential aspect of the training structure and player development in team sports [1].…”

“…From academy systems to elite sports, coaches have applied periodization models for many decades, indicating widespread cultural acceptance [1,2]. Periodization is an essential aspect of the training structure and player development in team sports [1]. The recently developed tactical periodization model offers a holistic training concept that targets all training factors (e.g., physical, psychological, technical, and tactical) under the "supra-dimension" of tactical training [2].…”

Efectos de dos modelos de periodización en la curva de lactato y velocidad de nado en nadadores (Effects of two periodization models on the lactate curve and swimming speed in swimmers)

“…Este modelo de periodización propuesto por Matveev es recomendado para deportes de resistencia, por el desarrollo simultáneo de varias capacidades bajo un entrenamiento complejo que evita el uso de cargas concentradas en las primeras etapas de entrenamiento a largo plazo de un nadador (Navarro Valdivielso & Arsenio, 2013), que permite aprovechar las condiciones biológicas óptimas del nadador adolescente para crear una gran base aeróbica (Platónov, 2015). Asimismo, la forma de distribución de las cargas de entrenamiento planteadas en el modelo CM, bajo cargas regulares o diluidas favorecen la progresión y adaptaciones a los volúmenes de carga (Marques Junior, 2020). Así como este modelo tiene sus ventajas, muchos autores contemporáneos consideran que no es apropiada su implementación en deportistas adultos o en etapa de alto rendimiento, por utilizar excesivamente cargas de orientación general, desarrollo simultáneo de varias capacidades y picos de rendimiento de óptima forma deportiva muy limitados, durante una temporada de entrenamiento, que pueden manifestarse en desentrenamiento (Issurin, 2019).…”