Periodontal diseases at the transition from the late antique to the early mediaeval period in Croatia

Vodanović, Marin; Peroš, Kristina; Zukanović, Amila; Knežević, Marjana; Novak, Mario; Šlaus, Mario; Brkić, Hrvoje

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.04.003

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Again, a similar distribution and a preferential proximal position of caries was observed in a number of medieval populations. 4,6,7,15,22,24,25,67 The prevalence of ante-mortem tooth loss in the analysed series corresponds well to the results recorded in other medieval collections. [4][5][6][7]15,65 Due to the fact that the aetiology of AMTL is multifactorial one has to be very careful when interpreting such data, 7,15,42 especially since paleodontological analysis cannot determine the exact cause of the tooth loss.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…22,24,25,75 Although the aetiology of ABR includes several factors such as dietary, hygienic, environmental and genetic components 24 it seems that in past populations heavy attrition, infections, pulp damage and mineral imbalance a r c h i v e s o f o r a l b i o l o g y 6 0 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 1 2 9 9 -1 3 0 9 played the most important role. 3 Furthermore, one of the crucial factors for the occurrence of ABR is age as the prevalence of this disease increases with age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…76,77 The present study revealed significantly higher ABR prevalence in males and similar pattern was observed in numerous other skeletal assemblages. 22,24,25,49,78 In living populations these differences are usually explained by the biological factors including the negative effects of testosterone on male immune competence, i.e. males' reduced ability to effectively fight oral pathogens associated with periodontal disease, or the relative absence of the positive effects of oestrogen on bone destruction in response to inflammation in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Additionally, some studies tried to determine longterm trends in general health by studying changes and variations in frequency and distribution of oral pathologies through time in a specific region. [20][21][22][23][24][25] Although there is a long tradition of osteoarchaeological research in Ireland 26 Objective: With the aim to get a better picture of dental health, diet and nutrition in early medieval Ireland a population-based study focusing on several attributes of oral health in adult individuals was conducted. The study focused on possible differences between sexes and age groups in terms of frequency and distribution of studied pathologies in order to determine whether these differences result from different diets, cultural practices or are age-related.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dental health and diet in early medieval Ireland

Novak

2015

Archives of Oral Biology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dental health and diet in early medieval Ireland

Novak

2015

Archives of Oral Biology

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“…The preference for right-side mastication is possibly related to an occlusal anomaly on the left side resulting from maxillary LP4 malformation/malorientation. This condition might have resulted in discomfort and/or low efficiency when masticating on the left side, such that the right side was preferred by this individual.Stripped anatomical cervices and root furcation visibility are typically interpreted as indicators of generalized periodontal disease (Hillson 2002;Vodanović et al 2012). However, anatomical cervices can become visible even in periodontally healthy individuals, mostly as an effect of continuous dental eruption compensating for advanced tooth wear (Levers and Darling 1983;Clarke and Hirsch 1991;Danenberg et al 1991;Glass 1991;Kaifu et al 2003;Hillson 2008;Margvelashvili et al 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of dentognathic pathologies in the Dmanisi mandibles

Margvelashvili

Zollikofer

Lordkipanidze

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: Due to the scarcity of the fossil record, in-vivo changes in the dentognathic system of early Homo are typically documented at the level of individual fossil specimens, and it remains difficult to draw population-level inferences about dietary habits, diet-related activities and lifestyle from individual patterns of dentognathic alterations. The Plio-Pleistocene hominin sample from Dmanisi (Georgia), dated to 1.77 million years ago, offers a unique opportunity to study in-vivo changes in the dentognathic system of individuals belonging to a single paleodeme of early Homo. Materials and Methods: We analyze dentognathic pathologies in the Dmanisi sample, and in comparative samples of modern Australian and Greenlander hunter-gatherer populations, applying clinical protocols of dentognathic diagnostics. Results: The Dmanisi hominins exhibit a similarly wide diversity and similar incidence of dentognathic pathologies as the modern human hunter-gatherer population samples investigated here. Dmanisi differs from the modern population samples in several respects: At young age tooth wear is already advanced, and pathologies are more prevalent. At old age, hypercementosis is substantial. Discussion: Results indicate that dentognathic pathologies and disease trajectories are largely similar in early Homo and modern humans, but that the disease load was higher in early Homo, probably as an effect of higher overall stress on the dentognathic system. Key words: aging, tooth wear, caries, periodontitisThe Plio-Pleistocene site of Dmanisi has yielded a large sample of hominin fossils associated with abundant and diverse faunal remains and Mode I stone artifacts (Gabunia et al. 2001;Ferring et al. 2011;Mgeladze et al. 2011). Occupation of the site began shortly after 1.85 Ma. The fossil hominin finds are dated to 1.77 Ma (Ferring et al. 2011). Dmanisi thus represents the earliest evidence of Homo outside of Africa. The well-preserved cranial, mandibular and postcranial remains of five individuals are unique in offering detailed insights into patterns of morphological variation within a paleodeme of early Homo, and into patterns of growth and aging Margvelashvili et al. 2013;Zollikofer et al. 2014). The craniomandibular morphology of the Dmanisi paleodeme has been described previously (Gabunia and Vekua 1995;Gabunia et al. 2000;Gabunia et al. 2001;Gabounia et al. 2002;Lordkipanidze et al. 2005;Lordkipanidze et al. 2006;Rightmire et al. 2006;Rightmire and Lordkipanidze 2010;Lordkipanidze et al. 2013;Margvelashvili et al. 2013). Cranial and mandibular morphological variation within the Dmanisi paleodeme is wide, but well within the range of variation seen in modern humans populations, and in populations of chimpanzee subspecies (Skinner et al. 2006;Lordkipanidze et al. 2013;Margvelashvili et al. 2013;Zollikofer et al. 2014). Variation in size, shape and dentognathic features among the Dmanisi mandibles has received special attention and has been studied to address questions of phylogeny, taxonomy, sexual dimorphism, die...

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Sex differences in periodontal disease in catastrophic and attritional assemblages from medieval london

DeWitte

2012

American J Phys Anthropol

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Periodontal disease is one of the most common chronic diseases in living populations, and most studies that have examined sex differences in periodontal disease have found higher frequencies in men compared to women. This study examines sex differences in periodontal disease in two cemeteries from medieval London: the East Smithfield cemetery (c. 1349-1350), an exclusively Black Death cemetery that represents catastrophic mortality (n = 161), and the St. Mary Graces cemetery (c. 1350-1538), a post-Black Death attritional assemblage that represents normal medieval mortality (n = 100). The results reveal a significantly higher frequency of periodontal disease, independent of age, among males compared with females in St. Mary Graces, but no significant difference between the sexes in East Smithfield. The sex differences in the attritional assemblage might reflect heightened susceptibility to periodontal disease in the living population or sex differences in frailty. The differences in the sex patterns of periodontal disease between the two cemeteries might be the result of disproportionately negative effects of the Great Bovine Pestilence and consequent decreases in dairy availability on female oral health among victims of the Black Death.

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Periodontal diseases at the transition from the late antique to the early mediaeval period in Croatia

Cited by 26 publications

References 26 publications

Dental health and diet in early medieval Ireland

Dental health and diet in early medieval Ireland

Comparative analysis of dentognathic pathologies in the Dmanisi mandibles

Sex differences in periodontal disease in catastrophic and attritional assemblages from medieval london

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