Periostin (an osteoblast-specific factor) is expressed within the embryonic mouse heart during valve formation

Abstract

Periostin was originally isolated as a osteoblast-specific factor that functions as a cell adhesion molecule for preosteoblasts and is thought to be involved in osteoblast recruitment, attachment and spreading. Additionally, periostin expression has previously been shown to be significantly increased by both transforming growth factor beta-1(TGFbeta1) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2. Likewise the endocardial cushions that form within embryonic heart tube (embryonic day (E)10-13) are formed by the recruitment, attachment and spreading of endocardial cells into the overlying extracellular matrix, in response to secreted growth factors of the TGFbeta and BMP families. In order to determine whether periostin is similarly involved in heart morphogenesis, in situ hybridization and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were used to detect periostin mRNA expression in the developing mouse heart. We show for the first time that periostin mRNA is expressed in the developing mouse embryonic and fetal heart, and that it is localized to the endocardial cushions that ultimately divide the primitive heart tube into a four-chambered heart.

Deletion of periostin reduces muscular dystrophy and fibrosis in mice by modulating the transforming growth factor-β pathway

“…However, one interesting possibility is that periostin functions as a key downstream effector of TGF-β that promotes its deleterious effects in MD (31). Indeed, in the absence of periostin, TGF-β appears to have a protective effect in MD disease progression by enhancing regeneration or by blunting other negative effects of this cytokine (14). The use of the TGF-β-blocking antibody worsened MD and resulted in greater functional decline in double-null mice.…”

“…Periostin expression is low at baseline in many adult tissues, but is strongly induced and secreted into the ECM after acute injury, as well as in dystrophic skeletal muscle (13). Periostin is expressed exclusively by fibroblasts or cells that adopt a fibroblast-like phenotype after an injurious event (14). In the heart, we and others have shown that periostin is strongly induced after myocardial infarction and left ventricular pressure overload, where it plays a role in ECM remodeling and healing (15,16).…”

Periostin facilitates eosinophil tissue infiltration in allergic lung and esophageal responses

“…17 Periostin has a dynamic expression profile in both the developing heart and in adult tissue where it is induced during active remodeling or active stress. 16,18,19 Periostin is almost exclusively expressed by fibroblasts or cells that adopt fibroblast-like characteristics following injury. As a secreted protein associated with areas of fibrosis, periostin directly interacts with other ECM proteins, such as fibronectin, tenascin-C, collagen, and heparin.…”

Comparison of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Source Differentiation Toward Human Pediatric Aortic Valve Interstitial Cells within 3D Engineered Matrices

“…Periostin is required for normal collagen architecture during heart valve development and lack of periostin resulted in valve leaflet thickening and matrix dysregulation in adult mice. [42][43][44] FSP1 is a very selective and effective biomarker for cardiac fibroblasts, 45 and most HAVIC express FSP1. 46 ADMSC in GM had significantly lower expression of vimentin and aSMA compared with pHAVIC (Fig.…”