Periostin in Exhaled Breath Condensate and in Serum of Asthmatic Patients: Relationship to Upper and Lower Airway Disease

Abstract

PurposePeriostin is considered a biomarker for eosinophilic airway inflammation and have been associated with NSAID-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (NERD) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). In this study, we aimed to evaluate periostin in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and in serum of patients with various asthma phenotypes.MethodsThe study included 40 asthmatic patients (22 with NERD) and 17 healthy controls. All the procedures (questionnaire, spirometry, FeNO, nasal swabs, EBC collecting, and blood sampling) were performed on the same day. Periostin concentrations were measured using an ELISA kit.ResultsPeriostin was detected in EBC from 37 of 40 asthmatics and in 16 from 17 of controls. The concentration of periostin in EBC did not differ between the study groups and was not associated with NERD or asthma severity. However, the EBC periostin was significantly higher in asthmatics with CRS as compared to those without (3.1 vs 2 ng/mL, P=0.046). Patients with positive bacterial culture from nasal swabs had higher EBC periostin concentrations than those without (3.2 vs 2.1 ng/mL; P=0.046). The mean serum periostin level was higher in asthmatics with a 1-year history of exacerbation than in those without (3.2 vs 2.3 ng/mL, P=0.045). Asthmatics with skin manifestation of NSAIDs hypersensitivity had higher serum periostin levels as compared to those without (3.5 vs 2.3 ng/mL; P=0.03).ConclusionsEBC periostin levels seem to reflect intensity of upper airway disease in asthmatics, while serum levels of periostin are associated with asthma activity (exacerbations or FeNO) or NERD subphenotypes.

Serum but not exhaled breath condensate periostin level is increased in competitive athletes

“…In asthmatic patients, periostin concentrations in EBC were not different from healthy controls or competitive swimmers out of training season, suggesting that this marker does not allow subjects with chronic airway inflammation to be distinguished, nor is it a marker of increased exercise load. This observation is in line with our previous study, which documented similar EBC concentration in asthmatics and healthy controls . Although EBC periostin was significantly decreased in athletes during TP, as compared with levels observed off‐training and in asthmatics, it is impossible to cannot speculate about the possible reasons for this effect.…”

“…This observation is in line with our previous study, which documented similar EBC concentration in asthmatics and healthy controls. 22 Although EBC periostin was significantly decreased in athletes during TP, as compared with levels observed off-training and in asthmatics, it is impossible to cannot speculate about the possible reasons for this effect. Moreover, no significant differences were found between athletes in both periods and healthy controls.…”

Asthma biomarkers in the age of biologics

“…Elevated serum levels of periostin have been associated with asthma activity and severity, and with the presence of late-onset eosinophilic asthma [ 159 , 160 ]. Organizers of the Bronchoscopic Exploratory Research Study of Biomarkers in Corticosteroid-refractory Asthma (BOBCAT) concluded that serum periostin is potentially useful for the selection of agents that target Th2 inflammation [ 161 ].…”

Periostin as a Biomarker of Bronchial Asthma

“…[75] и A. Wardzynska и соавт. [70] зафиксировали более высокий уровень сывороточного периостина у взрослых пациентов с обострениями БА в течение года по сравнению с пациентами без обострений: 4047 и 222 нг/мл, p = 0,001 [75], 27 и 19,5 нг/мл, p = 0,036 [70]. E. Basha и соавт.…”