Peripheral nerve bionic interface: a review of electrodes

Many people suffer from movement disability due to amputation or neurological diseases. Fortunately, with modern neurotechnology now it is possible to intercept motor control signals at various points along the neural transduction pathway and use that to drive external devices for communication or control. Here we will review the latest developments in human motor decoding. We reviewed the various strategies to decode motor intention from human and their respective advantages and challenges. Neural control signals can be intercepted at various points in the neural signal transduction pathway, including the brain (electroencephalography, electrocorticography, intracortical recordings), the nerves (peripheral nerve recordings) and the muscles (electromyography). We systematically discussed the sites of signal acquisition, available neural features, signal processing techniques and decoding algorithms in each of these potential interception points. Examples of applications and the current state-of-the-art performance were also reviewed. Although great strides have been made in human motor decoding, we are still far away from achieving naturalistic and dexterous control like our native limbs. Concerted efforts from material scientists, electrical engineers, and healthcare professionals are needed to further advance the field and make the technology widely available in clinical use.

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“…VNS Therapy, Cyberonics, USA). Most of the others are still in research or undergoing clinical trials [ 119 ].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incorporating transistors into the electrodes directly to enable connection multiplexing is one of the ways to mitigate this problem [ 188 , 189 ]. Readers interested in neural electrode designs are suggested to consult other more in-depth reviews in this area [ 119 , 172 , 176 , 177 , 190 ].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human motor decoding from neural signals: a review

Tam

Zhao

et al. 2019

BMC biomed eng

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“…They are fabricated with various designs and are still continuing to be developed in advanced forms [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66]. These designs are named and classified according to their morphological properties [10]. We will outline the types that have been proposed since it was first coined.…”

Section: Extraneural Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrical contacts inside the tube may be concentric or longitudinal. The size of the electrode must be predetermined according to the target nerve [10], the inner diameter being slightly wider than the nerve. An interesting study conducted with pigs observed the outcomes of [50] laparoscopic implantation of split cylinder cuff electrodes on pelvic nerves for 3 months [67], where the electrodes were functional at the end of the study.…”

Section: Extraneural Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfaces with the peripheral nervous system for the control of a neuroprosthetic limb: a review

Yildiz

Shin

Kaufman

2020

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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The field of prosthetics has been evolving and advancing over the past decade, as patients with missing extremities are expecting to control their prostheses in as normal a way as possible. Scientists have attempted to satisfy this expectation by designing a connection between the nervous system of the patient and the prosthetic limb, creating the field of neuroprosthetics. In this paper, we broadly review the techniques used to bridge the patient's peripheral nervous system to a prosthetic limb. First, we describe the electrical methods including myoelectric systems, surgical innovations and the role of nerve electrodes. We then describe non-electrical methods used alone or in combination with electrical methods. Design concerns from an engineering point of view are explored, and novel improvements to obtain a more stable interface are described. Finally, a critique of the methods with respect to their long-term impacts is provided. In this review, nerve electrodes are found to be one of the most promising interfaces in the future for intuitive user control. Clinical trials with larger patient populations, and for longer periods of time for certain interfaces, will help to evaluate the clinical application of nerve electrodes.

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“…The consensus is that electrical neural interfaces to the PNS offer the best near-term prospect for highly capable and naturalistic sensory feedback [14], [15]. However, several major challenges were identified [16]- [18] including: the trade off between the selectivity and long term stability of electrodes; targeting of axons innervating specific areas of the body and specific receptor types; methods of modulating the neural signals to provide high quality sensation; and a low power implantable device capable of delivering the stimulation patterns to a selective electrode interface. A multipronged approach to address these challenges was pursued with a key element being the development of a chronic, smallrodent neuroscience platform to investigate and demonstrate advances [19]- [21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

SenseBack - An Implantable System for Bidirectional Neural Interfacing

Williams

Brunton

Rapeaux

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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Chronic in-vivo neurophysiology experiments require highly miniaturized, remotely powered multi-channel neural interfaces which are currently lacking in power or flexibility post implantation. To resolve this problem we present the Sense-Back system, a post-implantation reprogrammable wireless 32channel bidirectional neural interfacing that can enable chronic peripheral electrophysiology experiments in freely behaving small animals. The large number of channels for a peripheral neural interface, coupled with fully implantable hardware and complete software flexibility enable complex in-vivo studies where the system can adapt to evolving study needs as they arise. In complementary ex-vivo and in-vivo preparations, we demonstrate that this system can record neural signals and perform highvoltage, bipolar stimulation on any channel. In addition, we demonstrate transcutaneous power delivery and Bluetooth 5 data communication with a PC. The SenseBack system is capable of stimulation on any channel with ±20 V of compliance and up to 315 µA of current, and highly configurable recording with perchannel adjustable gain and filtering with 8 sets of 10-bit ADCs to sample data at 20 kHz for each channel. To our knowledge this is the first such implantable research platform offering this level of performance and flexibility post-implantation (including complete reprogramming even after encapsulation) for small animal electrophysiology. Here we present initial acute trials, demonstrations and progress towards a system that we expect to enable a wide range of electrophysiology experiments in freely behaving animals.

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Peripheral nerve bionic interface: a review of electrodes

Cited by 53 publications

References 66 publications

Human motor decoding from neural signals: a review

Human motor decoding from neural signals: a review

Interfaces with the peripheral nervous system for the control of a neuroprosthetic limb: a review

SenseBack - An Implantable System for Bidirectional Neural Interfacing

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