Periplaneta americana extract used in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Periplaneta americana extract is recognized to have a positive effect on gastrointestinal mucosa. This study aimed to investigate the effects of periplaneta americana extract on immune function, nutrition status and gastrointestinal complications of early enteral nutrition patients with systemic infl ammatory response syndrome (SIRS). METHODS:Patients with SIRS were randomly divided into two groups: treatment and control groups. All patients in the two groups received conventional therapy including enteral nutrition, but periplaneta americana extract, an additional Chinese medicine, was given to the patients in the treatment group. At the beginning of treatment (0 day) and 1, 3, and 7 days after treatment, the levels of immunoglobulin (IgA), total lymphocyte count (TLC), total protein (TP) and prealbumin (PA) were respectively tested in patients' venous blood. The incidences of bloating, diarrhea, aspiration pneumonia and high blood sugar at 7 days after treatment were recorded. The mortality of the patients in 28 days was recorded. RESULTS:At 3 and 7 days after treatment, the levels of IgA and TLC in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). At 7 days after treatment, the levels of TP and PA in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidences of bloating and diarrhea in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, the differences were signifi cant (P<0.05). The mortality of treatment group was lower than that of the control group (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Periplaneta americana extract could reduce gastrointestinal complications and improve immune function and nutritional status in patients with systemic infl ammatory response syndrome.

The American cockroach peptide periplanetasin‐4 inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A‐induced cell toxicities and inflammatory responses in the mouse gut

“…Extracts of the American cockroach have been shown to protect against intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction . Such extracts have been shown to not only inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators, as confirmed herein, but also to suppress immune responses .…”

Micheliolide provides protection of mice against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA infection by down-regulating inflammatory response

“…In the clinic, sepsis is usually accompanied by SIRS, which is characterised by over-expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, etc.) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β and IL-1Ra) 40 41 and subsequent dysfunction of various organs 7 42 . Both TNF-α and IL-1β are released from macrophages quickly after the inciting event.…”

The American Cockroach Peptide Periplanetasin-2 Blocks Clostridium Difficile Toxin A-Induced Cell Damage and Inflammation in the Gut

“…Extracts of the American cockroach have previously been shown to suppress the activation of various immune cells, including neutrophils and macrophages [21,22]. This suggests that Peri-2 may directly inhibit immune cells to affect inflammation in the gut.…”

“…1A) and named it Periplanetasin-2. Given that extracts of American cockroach have shown therapeutic effects on inflammatory responses and mucosal barrier function in the gastrointestinal tract [21], we herein assessed whether Peri-2 could block various C. difficile toxin A-induced cell toxicities in human colonocytes. We treated human colonocyte HT29 cells with Peri-2 (10 μg/ml) for 1 h, further incubated the cells with medium or toxin A (3 nM) with or without Peri-2 for 48 h, and then assessed cell proliferation with a BrdU uptake analysis.…”

“…In recent years, researchers have begun examining the potential clinical uses of extracts from this organism [18,19]. Crude extracts of the American cockroach have been reported to show significant anticancer effects [20], exhibit anti-inflammatory actions [21], promote tissue regeneration, improve immunity, and show specific curative effects on gastrointestinal mucosal barrier function [22].…”