Perirhinal cortex resolves feature ambiguity in configural object recognition and perceptual oddity tasks

Bartko, Susan J.; Winters, Boyer D.; Cowell, Rosemary A.; Saksida, Lisa M.; Bussey, Timothy J.

doi:10.1101/lm.749207

Cited by 169 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Interestingly, the performance of MTL-damaged patients deviated from control performance in two ways: first, they reported seeing the Familiar Configurations as figure somewhat less often than controls, and second, they reported seeing the Part-Rearranged Novel Configurations as figure more often than controls. Taken alone, the first finding is consistent with the theoretical view that the PRC of the MTL contains representations of complex configurations Lee et al, 2005;Barense et al, 2005Barense et al, , 2007Barense et al, , 2010a; Bartko et al, 2007;Lee and Rudebeck, 2010;Burke et al, 2011), and damage to these configural representations removes effects of configuration familiarity on figure assignment. Taken together, however, the two findings suggest that either output from the PRC is privileged over that from lower-level visual regions during figure-ground assignment (a feedforward explanation for the data) or that the intact PRC plays a role in modulating processing in lower-level visual areas (a feedback explanation).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 77%

The perirhinal cortex modulates V2 activity in response to the agreement between part familiarity and configuration familiarity

Peterson¹,

Cacciamani²,

Barense³

et al. 2012

Hippocampus

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ABSTRACT:Research has demonstrated that the perirhinal cortex (PRC) represents complex object-level feature configurations, and participates in familiarity versus novelty discrimination. Barense et al. [(in press) Cerebral Cortex, 22:11, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhr347] postulated that, in addition, the PRC modulates part familiarity responses in lower-level visual areas. We used fMRI to measure activation in the PRC and V2 in response to silhouettes presented peripherally while participants maintained central fixation and performed an object recognition task. There were three types of silhouettes: Familiar Configurations portrayed realworld objects; Part-Rearranged Novel Configurations created by spatially rearranging the parts of the familiar configurations; and Control Novel Configurations in which both the configuration and the ensemble of parts comprising it were novel. For right visual field (RVF) presentation, BOLD responses revealed a significant linear trend in bilateral BA 35 of the PRC (highest activation for Familiar Configurations, lowest for Part-Rearranged Novel Configurations, with Control Novel Configurations in between). For left visual field (LVF) presentation, a significant linear trend was found in a different area (bilateral BA 38, temporal pole) in the opposite direction (Part-Rearranged Novel Configurations highest, Familiar Configurations lowest). These data confirm that the PRC is sensitive to the agreement in familiarity between the configuration level and the part level. As predicted, V2 activation mimicked that of the PRC: for RVF presentation, activity in V2 was significantly higher in the left hemisphere for Familiar Configurations than for Part-Rearranged Novel Configurations, and for LVF presentation, the opposite effect was found in right hemisphere V2. We attribute these patterns in V2 to feedback from the PRC because receptive fields in V2 encompass parts but not configurations. These results reveal two new aspects of PRC function: (1) it is sensitive to the congruency between the familiarity of object configurations and the parts comprising those configurations and (2) it likely modulates familiarity responses in visual area V2. V V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 77%

The perirhinal cortex modulates V2 activity in response to the agreement between part familiarity and configuration familiarity

Peterson¹,

Cacciamani²,

Barense³

et al. 2012

Hippocampus

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“…Lesion studies involving rats and monkeys indicate that lesions of the perirhinal cortex typically disrupt object recognition; however, hippocampal lesions produce variable results on object recognition tasks (Murray et al 2000). Specifically, studies have shown that the perirhinal cortex may distinguish between visual objects with overlapping features to reduce feature ambiguity (Bussey et al 2003Gilbert and Kesner 2003;Norman and Eacott 2004;Bartko et al 2007). However, there is some evidence to suggest that the hippocampus may play little role in disambiguating object features .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual object pattern separation varies in older adults

et al. 2013

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Young and nondemented older adults completed a visual object continuous recognition memory task in which some stimuli (lures) were similar but not identical to previously presented objects. The lures were hypothesized to result in increased interference and increased pattern separation demand. To examine variability in object pattern separation deficits, older adults were divided into impaired and unimpaired groups based on performance on a standardized serial list-learning task. Impaired older adults showed intact recognition memory, but were impaired relative to young and unimpaired older adults when identifying similar lure stimuli, demonstrating that object pattern separation varies in older adults.

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“…Lesion studies involving rats and monkeys indicate that lesions of the perirhinal cortex typically disrupt object recognition; however, hippocampal lesions produce variable results on object recognition tasks (for review, see Murray et al 2000). Specifically, studies have shown that the perirhinal cortex may function to distinguish between visual objects with overlapping features to reduce feature ambiguity (Bussey et al 2002Gilbert and Kesner 2003;Norman and Eacott 2004;Bartko et al 2007). However, some studies have suggested that the hippocampus may play little role is disambiguating object features .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual object pattern separation deficits in nondemented older adults

Toner¹,

Pirogovsky²,

Kirwan³

et al. 2009

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Young and nondemented older adults were tested on a continuous recognition memory task requiring visual pattern separation. During the task, some objects were repeated across trials and some objects, referred to as lures, were presented that were similar to previously presented objects. The lures resulted in increased interference and an increased need for pattern separation. For each object, the participant was asked to indicate whether (1) this was the first time the object was seen (new), (2) the object was seen previously (old), or (3) the object was similar to a previous object (similar). Older adults were able to correctly identify objects as old or new as well as young adults; however, older adults were impaired when identifying lures as similar. Therefore, pattern separation may be less efficient in older adults resulting in poorer recognition memory performance when interference is increased.A primary region of the brain affected by normal aging is the hippocampus in humans (Good et al. 2001;Allen et al. 2005;Driscoll and Sutherland 2005;Raz et al. 2005;Walhovd et al. 2005) and animal models (Rosenzweig and Barnes 2003;Driscoll et al. 2006). However, the subregions of the hippocampus may be differentially affected by normal aging (Small et al. 2002(Small et al. , 2004. The dentate gyrus (DG) subregion may be particularly susceptible to age-related changes in both humans (Small et al. 2002) and animal models (Small et al. 2004;Patrylo and Williamson 2007), whereas aging may have less of an impact on pyramidal cells in the CA subregions (Small et al. 2002(Small et al. , 2004. In contrast, the CA subregions of the hippocampus may be more vulnerable to pathological aging associated with Alzheimer's disease (Braak and Braak 1996;Price et al. 2001;West et al. 2001). Therefore, tasks sensitive to dysfunction in particular subregions of the hippocampus may help to differentiate cognitive impairment associated with normal aging from pathological changes associated with Alzheimer's disease. Although hippocampal-dependent tasks are highly sensitive to age-related changes in the brain (for review, see Rosenzweig and Barnes 2003), behavioral studies in humans have not examined the performance of nondemented older adults on tasks shown to be particularly sensitive to DG function. As described in detail below, a key function of the DG may be to support pattern separation. Age-related changes in the DG may impair the ability to reduce similarity among new input patterns, resulting in decreased pattern separation (Wilson et al. 2006). Therefore, decreased efficiency in pattern separation may be a critical, but relatively unexamined, processing deficit in nondemented older humans.Pattern separation is described as a mechanism for separating partially overlapping patterns of activation so that one pattern may be retrieved as separate from other patterns (Gilbert et al. 2001;Gilbert and Kesner 2006;Kirwan and Stark 2007). The operation of a pattern separation mechanism is critical for reducing potential interference among ...

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Perirhinal cortex resolves feature ambiguity in configural object recognition and perceptual oddity tasks

Cited by 169 publications

References 40 publications

The perirhinal cortex modulates V2 activity in response to the agreement between part familiarity and configuration familiarity

The perirhinal cortex modulates V2 activity in response to the agreement between part familiarity and configuration familiarity

Visual object pattern separation varies in older adults

Visual object pattern separation deficits in nondemented older adults

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