Peritalar dislocation: three case reports and literature review

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“…Peritalar dislocation, also called subtalar or luxatio pedis subtalo [2], was first described by Dufarest and Judey in 1811 [5] and is defined as the dislocation of the talocalcaneal and talonavicular joint without associated fractures or involvement of the tibiotalar or calcaneocuboid joint [6]. It is a very rare lesion when it occurs without associating fractures in other bones and a very complex injury when involving joint surfaces of load bones [2], with a variable prognosis depending on factors related to the patient and the structures involved [7] and a complication rate close to 20%, among which include osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis or instability of the subtalar joint [8].…”

“…It is a very rare lesion when it occurs without associating fractures in other bones and a very complex injury when involving joint surfaces of load bones [2], with a variable prognosis depending on factors related to the patient and the structures involved [7] and a complication rate close to 20%, among which include osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis or instability of the subtalar joint [8].…”

“…The medial dislocation, the most common with a frequency close to 80% [2], is produced by an external rotation of the talus with the foot in inversion and flexion, with the sequential rupture of the dorsal talonavicular ligament, anterior and posterior interosseous ligaments [16]. It is the one that presents less associated bone or soft tissue injuries [17,18].…”

“…A radiographic study should be made for diagnosis with an anteroposterior and lateral projection of the hindfoot to assess the diagnosis and rule out the possible association of bone fractures in the foot or ankle because, if the occur, they will condition the definitive treatment [2,6,19,25].…”

“…They are infrequent injuries due to the inherent stability of the talus, representing 1% of total dislocations [1,2]. They occur more frequently in middleaged adult male patients and, in most cases, they are associated with fractures of the malleoli or other bones of the foot, being exceptional their presentation as an isolated injury [3].…”