Peritumoral Lymphatic Microvessel Density Associated with Tumor Progression and Poor Prognosis in Gastric Carcinoma

Coşkun, Uğur; Akyürek, Nalân; Dursun, Ayşe; Yamaç, Deniz

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2009.03.081

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The lymphatic system is known to be scarcer than the blood network on the gastric wall [20]. This difference was consistent with the results of two other studies regarding the MVD obtained by markers of the lymphatic and blood endothelium in CG [13,18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Perhaps this choice is justified by the fact that lymphatic vessels are larger and more distended than blood vessels, thus in need of a higher size field [20]. Our mean lymph vessels counted per 200x field was similar to the ones found in two other series of GC [13,21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Previous series of GC using CD34 found MVD values much lower as compared to our study, but those values were expressed only by number of microvessels per field of 200x or 400x, but not by mm 2 [11,14,18]. Only two other studies show similar values to our MVD results [13,19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Since then, subsequent studies have attempted to evaluate the association between tumor progression and angiogenic potential of different cancers [10,11]. A promising parameter in gastric cancer (GC) is the microvessel density (MVD), both lymphatic and blood vessel [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Microvessel Density Quantification in Gastric Cancer: Comparing Methods for Standard Measures

Gresta¹

2014

J Cancer Sci Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The quantification of angiogenic and linfangiogenic factors has been explored in an attempt to predict the prognosis of various malignancies. In gastric cancer (GC), a promising parameter is the microvessel density (MVD).Objective: The aim of our study is to evaluate the different methods used for its quantification.Methods: 52 cases of GC were labeled by immunohistochemistry for CD34, CD105 and D2-40. The quantification of the microvasculature was performed for each marker by counting microvessels (mv) in three "hot spots", using three different microscopic magnifications (100x, 200x and 400x). MVD was then calculated by dividing the number of vessels by the microscopic field area (measured in mm 2 ) and compared between the three different evaluations. . We found that MVD obtained in 100x magnification was lower than 200x, which was lower than in 400x. Those differences were statistically significant and occurred in a proportional way for all three markers. MVD obtained for CD34 was higher than for CD105. The MVD for lymphatics obtained by D2-40 was lower than the MVD for CD34 and CD105. Results Conclusion:Our results show that the lack of standardized methods for assessing angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in GC can produce variations in the MDV value, impairing the reproducibility of the results and the comparison between different studies and populations. It is necessary to standardize the MVD determination methods to compare results and confirm its prognostic value in GC and in other types of tumors. Material and MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of a series of cases of primary GC with IHC study. We selected 52 cases of GC retrospectively from the database of the Gastrointestinal Pathology research laboratory from Hospital das Clinicas of Federal University of Minas Gerais. All patients underwent a gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy for GC in the same institution.The IHC study was performed in tumor sections using streptavidinbiotin peroxidase (Dako LSAB ® + System) with CD34, CD105 and D2-40 markers. All slides were pre-treated in a buffer at 98°C in a steamer for 20 minutes for antigen retrieval. Blockage of endogenous peroxidase and avidin protein for 15 minutes each were carried out. The D2-40, CD34 and CD105 primary antibodies were incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. The slides were revealed with diaminobenzidine. The background staining was performed with hematoxylin. Positive and negative controls were included in all reactions.The quantification of the microvasculature was performed according to the method described by Weidner et al. [1]. The three hot spots were initially detected at lower magnification (40x) and selected in each marker. Those areas were captured and digitized for morphometric image analysis. The microvessel count was performed in the same hot spot area using the following microscopic magnifications: 100x, 200x and 400x. Isolated endothelial cells or groups of cells highlighted by the endothelial markers, with or without lumen, were considered as individual v...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Microvessel Density Quantification in Gastric Cancer: Comparing Methods for Standard Measures

Gresta¹

2014

J Cancer Sci Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1,2 Many studies have shown that there is a relationship between malignant tumor metastases and increased density of intratumoral lymphatic vessels. [3][4][5][6] Most of these results come from the immunohistochemical staining of intratumoral lymphatic vessels in sections of tumor specimens, and the specific biomarkers used for lymphatic vessels are several proteins, which are expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), such as the mucin-type transmembrane protein Podoplanin, 7 lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1), 8 homeobox transcription factor Prox-1, 9 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3). [10][11][12] Although the in vitro method is the current gold standard for the study of intratumoral lymphatic vessels, the occurrence and development of lymphatic vessels cannot be dynamically observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse lymphatic endothelial cell targeted probes: anti-LYVE-1 antibody-based magnetic nanoparticles

Guo¹,

Liu²,

Xu³

et al. 2013

IJN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: To investigate the specific targeting property of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 binding polyethylene glycol-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (LYVE-1-PEG-USPIO) nanoparticles to mouse lymphatic endothelial cells (MLECs). Methods: A ligand specific target to lymphatic vessels was selected by immunohistochemical staining on the sections of a Lewis subcutaneous transplanted tumor. The z-average hydrodynamic diameter (HD), zeta potential, and the relaxivity of PEG-USPIO and LYVE-1-PEG-USPIO nanoparticles were determined with a laser particle analyzer and magnetic resonance T 2 spin echo sequence, respectively. Prussian blue staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of nanoparticle labeled cells were performed to determine the nanoparticles' binding form. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in vitro to evaluate the signal enhancement on the T 2 spin echo sequence of the nanoparticle labeled cells. The iron content of the labeled cells after the Prussian blue staining and MRI scanning was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Results:The anti-LYVE-1 antibody was used as the specific ligand to synthesize the target probe to the MLECs. The mean z-average HDs of the LYVE-1-PEG-USPIO and PEG-USPIO nanoparticles were 57.42 ± 0.31 nm and 47.91 ± 0.73 nm, respectively, and the mean zeta potentials of the LYVE-1-PEG-USPIO and PEG-USPIO nanoparticles were 12.38 ± 4.87 mV and 2.57 ± 0.83 mV, respectively. The relaxivities of the LYVE-1-PEG-USPIO and PEG-USPIO nanoparticles were 185.48 mM -1 s -1 and 608.32 mM -1 s -1 . Cells binding nanoparticles were visualized as blue granules in the Prussian blue staining. The TEM results of the labeled cells showed the specific localization of nanoparticles. The AAS results of labeled cells after the Prussian blue staining and MRI scanning showed that the LYVE-1-PEG-USPIO nanoparticles had good binding selectivity for MLECs. MRI results indicated that the PEG-USPIO and LYVE-1-PEG-USPIO nanoparticles could generate contrast on T 2 -weighted imaging, and the correlation between R 2 and the iron content of the labeled cells was significantly positive. Conclusion:This study demonstrated that LYVE-1-PEG-USPIO nanoparticles might potentially be used as an MRI contrast agent for targeting MLECs, and the magnetic properties of LYVE-1-PEG-USPIO nanoparticles were suitable for MRI.

show abstract

Molecular pathways of lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer

Karatzanis

Koudounarakis

Papadakis

et al. 2011

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metastasis to regional lymph nodes constitutes the main route toward progression and dissemination of head and neck carcinoma; at the same time it is the most significant adverse prognostic indicator for this disease. In recent years, significant focus has been given on the molecular mechanisms behind lymph node metastasis of head and neck cancer. The aim of this study is to assess the role of growth factor expression and function in association with lymph node metastasis and overall prognosis of head and neck cancer. Current literature, searching for experimental data regarding the molecular pathways of lymph node dissemination of head and neck cancer, is reviewed giving special emphasis on the expression and prognostic significance of specific growth factors. Members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), mostly VEGF-C and VEGF-D, with their action through the receptors VEGFR-3 and VEGFR-2, constitute the most extensively studied growth factors associated with lymphangiogenesis so far. High expression of these as well as other molecules, including angiopoietins, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor, has been associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Numerous growth factors seem to play an important role regarding the lymph node metastatic potential of head and neck cancer. Further research is necessary in order to further clarify the molecular pathways and introduce novel therapeutic options.

show abstract

Peritumoral Lymphatic Microvessel Density Associated with Tumor Progression and Poor Prognosis in Gastric Carcinoma

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

Microvessel Density Quantification in Gastric Cancer: Comparing Methods for Standard Measures

Microvessel Density Quantification in Gastric Cancer: Comparing Methods for Standard Measures

Mouse lymphatic endothelial cell targeted probes: anti-LYVE-1 antibody-based magnetic nanoparticles

Molecular pathways of lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About