Perkinsus marinus (Apicomplexa) as a potential source of oyster Crassostrea virginica mortality in coastal lagoons of Tabasco, Mexico

Burreson, EM; Alvarez, RS; Martinez, VV; Macedo, LA

doi:10.3354/dao020077

Cited by 39 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Even though previous studies reported P. marinus from the Mexican coast, little research has been done over a long-term period in this tropical area. When the parasite was discovered by Burreson et al (1994) in Tabasco, few samples were assayed (mainly gapers), and despite the high prevalence (60 to 100%), the infection intensity was light to moderate except in one location in Machona Lagoon. Because water samples and/ or hemolymph were not collected, it is difficult to draw a definite conclusion about different environmental or physiological conditions with respect to Terminos Lagoon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In tropical areas, the behavior of P. marinus has not been widely documented. In Mexico, the first report of P. marinus was by Burreson et al (1994) in Tabasco after a mortality event suspected to have been caused by pollutants from an oil refinery close to CarmenPajonal-Machona and Mecoacan Lagoons. These authors demonstrated the existence of P. marinus in the 3 lagoons with 90 to 100% prevalence at high salinity sites (30 psu) and 50% at low salinity sites (15 psu).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Factors associated with the prevalence of Perkinsus marinus in Crassostrea virginica from the southern Gulf of Mexico

Klanian¹,

Herrera-Silveira²,

Rodríguez-Canul³

et al. 2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The protozoan Perkinsus marinus is considered the most important pathogen of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica, causing high mortality in natural and farmed oysters on the Atlantic coast of the US. In Mexico, no serious P. marinus epizootic has been reported. This study describes the current state of P. marinus prevalence in Terminos Lagoon (Mexico) associated with environmental factors including salinity, temperature, ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, silica, and phosphorus. In addition, the association of physiological (hemocyte density, protein concentration) and immunological (lysozyme, agglutination) parameters with the infection were studied. The prevalence was significantly different among seasons with mean values of 70, 23, and 7% in the dry (February to May), rainy (June to September) and north-wind (October to January) seasons, respectively. Only light infection intensity (Mackin scale value <1) was observed. Prevalence of P. marinus was associated with seasonal salinity, phosphorus, and silica variations. Comparisons of oyster health demonstrates that the rainy and north-wind seasons are stressful periods. Redundancy analysis showed that only 34% of the variation in seasonal P. marinus prevalence was explained by protein concentration (21%), lysozyme (12%), and agglutination (1%). Overall, the data suggest that freshwater input associated with high nutrient concentrations during the rainy and north-wind seasons has a strong negative effect on P. marinus prevalence and also influences the oysters' physiology. It is probable that this seasonal stress was responsible for the absence of an epizootic event in Terminos Lagoon. KEY WORDS: Perkinsus marinus · Crassostrea virginica · Environmental control · Salinity · Silica · ProteinResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with the prevalence of Perkinsus marinus in Crassostrea virginica from the southern Gulf of Mexico

Klanian¹,

Herrera-Silveira²,

Rodríguez-Canul³

et al. 2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since it was first described, Perkins~is n~arinus has been associated with oyster Crassostrea virginica mortalities (Burreson et al 1994, Andrews 1996. It was believed to be a fungus and was given the name Der~nocystidium marinum (Mackin et al 1950).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro culture of Perkinsus atlanticus, a parasite of the carpet shell clam Ruditapes decussatus

Ordás¹,

Figueras²

1998

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. The ability to mass-culture parasites in vitro facilitates biological, metabolic and morphological research that would otherwise be difficult to accomplish. In vitro continuous culture of the protistan Perkinsus atlanticus from carpet-shell clam was established and variables including culture medium, inoculum size, temperature and salinity, which affect parasite proliferation, were studied. This parasite can adapt to very different culture media and salinity and temperature conditions, and the inoculum density does not affect the flnal cellular concentration attained in vitro The morphology of cultured P. atlantlcus is described and its optimum in vitro growth conditions were compared with those for P. rnarinus, a parasite of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. Cryopreservation of cultured P. atlanticus was developed to assure the long-term storage of this parasite.

show abstract

“…Collaboration among the three researchers resulted in description of this unknown agent as Dermocystidium marinum (Dermo), which is now called Perkinsus marinus. To date, this pathogen has been identified in native oysters, Crassostrea virginica, along the Atlantic coast of the United States and Mexico, from Maine a Corresponding author: villalba@cimacoron.org (Ford 1996) to Tabasco, in the Gulf of Mexico (Burreson et al 1994a;Andrews 1988;Soniat 1996).…”

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Perkinsosis in molluscs: A review

Villalba

Reece

Ordás

et al. 2004

Aquat. Living Resour.

303

243

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The genus Perkinsus includes protistan parasites infecting marine molluscs throughout the world, some of which are associated with mass mortalities. Life cycle involves vegetative proliferation within the host, by which a cell named trophozoite undergoes successive bipartitioning. Other stages have been observed in vitro or in vivo, depending on the species: hypnospore, zoosporangium and zoospore. Molecular taxonomy supports a close affinity between dinoflagellates and Perkinsus spp. Six species of Perkinsus are currently considered valid: P. marinus, P. olseni, P. qugwadi, P. chesapeaki, P. andrewsi and P. mediterraneus. Histology and, above all, incubation of host tissues in Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium (RFTM) are classic diagnostic methods. In addition, more sensitive and quicker molecular diagnostic techniques based on either immunoassays or PCR have been developed for Perkinsus spp. Epizootiological studies have shown a marked influence of water temperature and salinity on P. marinus infection in oysters Crassostrea virginica, thus determining parasite geographical range and temporal disease dynamics (seasonality). In vitro cultures have been established for four Perkinsus spp. Immune response to infection varies depending on host and involves phagocytosis or encapsulation of the parasite cells by host haemocytes. A polypeptide is secreted by clamTapes philippinarum haemocytes that could kill the parasite. In vitro cultured P. marinus cells secrete proteases that are likely involved in degradation of host tissues. P. marinus can suppress the toxic oxygen radicals produced by host haemocytes. In addition to host death, sublethal effects caused by Perkinsus spp. (reduction of fecundity, growth, and condition) may have significant ecological and economic implications. Various strategies have been assayed to mitigate the consequences of P. marinus epizootics on the oyster industry: modifications of management/culture procedures, selective breeding to obtain resistant oyster strains, and the use of triploid oysters and allochthonous oyster species. Some chemotherapeutants have been proved to inhibit or kill parasite cells in vitro.

show abstract

Perkinsus marinus (Apicomplexa) as a potential source of oyster Crassostrea virginica mortality in coastal lagoons of Tabasco, Mexico

Abstract: NOTEPerkinsus marinus (Apicomplexa) as a potential source of oyster Crassostrea virginica mortality in coastal lagoons of Tabasco, Mexico Eugene M. Burreson', Raul Sima ~l v a r e z~, Victor Vidal ~a r t i n e z~, Leopoldina Aguirre ace do^

Cited by 39 publications

References 3 publications

Factors associated with the prevalence of Perkinsus marinus in Crassostrea virginica from the southern Gulf of Mexico

Factors associated with the prevalence of Perkinsus marinus in Crassostrea virginica from the southern Gulf of Mexico

In vitro culture of Perkinsus atlanticus, a parasite of the carpet shell clam Ruditapes decussatus

Perkinsosis in molluscs: A review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About