Perks of Early Physical Therapy Rehabilitation for a Patient With Diffuse Axonal Injury

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized as any neurological trauma that develops after birth and therefore is completely unconnected from congenital anomalies, developmental disorders, or gradual processes. People who have survived accidents or other severe head injuries that left them with brain damage have been linked to memory loss and disability. On February 9, 2022, a 23-year-old individual was taken to a nearby hospital with a head injury after being involved in a traffic accident that morning while under the influence of alcohol. After several tests, the individual was identified as having a diffuse axonal injury in the anterolateral aspect of the pons, which was confirmed by an MRI and CT scan of the brain. The patient had been managed conservatively with appropriate medications like (tab Zifi® 200mg, tab Epilive® 500mg, tab Strocit plus®, tab Modalert®, tab Oxynerve plus®, etc.) along with physiotherapy, and other supportive treatments. Key indicators involve recovery of consciousness, normalization of muscle tone, earlier onset of movements, adequate strength, and quality of life. The TBI rehabilitation service is advantageous, as supported by proportionally massive progress in exercise tolerance and overall health. The above case study serves as an example of an extensive rehabilitation program for patients who have undergone conservative treatment after suffering a diffuse axonal injury.

Early neuro-rehabilitation in traumatic brain injury: the need for an African perspective

“…They, however recommended further studies with larger sample to draw adequate conclusions on the role of early neurorehabilitation in TBI outcome. Furthermore, a case study in India was reported by Lalwani et al [ 29 ] on a 23-year-old man who sustained a TBI (diffuse axonal injury), he received rehabilitation at three levels: (i) in the neurosurgery ICU (guidance and counselling of family members, manual positioning in 2 h intervals, manual chest vibrations and percussion, chest proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), end-expiratory pressure, facilitating technique like quick icing and quick stretch); (ii) in the neurosurgery ward (thoracic expansion exercises, bilateral active range of motion exercises both upper and lower limbs, isometric exercises for quadriceps and hamstrings, stretching, out of bed mobilization with wheelchair); and (iii) physiotherapy rehab (functional electric stimulation, more strengthening for the limbs and trunk muscles, verticalization with tilt tables, coordination exercises, gait re-education). They concluded that the TBI survival had a remarkable progress in the physical and functional health of the patient.…”

A Case Report Emphasizing an Early Approach in a Patient With Diffuse Axonal Injury

“…The major goals of therapy are frequently muscular improvement, prevention of subsequent injury such as pneumonia or stiffness, and recovery of consciousness and sensorimotor viewpoint. The primary goal is to get the maximum degree of movement and self-care capability [ 11 ].…”