Perlecan and Basement Membrane-Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan (Bamacan) Are Two Basement Membrane Chondroitin/Dermatan Sulfate Proteoglycans in the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm Tumor Matrix

Abstract

The presence of proteoglycans bearing galactosaminoglycan chains has been reported, but none has been identified previously in the matrix of the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm tumor, which is a source of several basement membrane components. This tumor matrix contains perlecan, a large, low buoyant density heparan sulfate proteoglycan, widespread in many basement membranes and connective tissues. We now identify two distinct proteoglycan species from this tumor source, which are substituted with galactosaminoglycans and which show basement membrane localization by immunohistochemistry. One species is perlecan but, in addition to being present as a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, it is also present as a hybrid molecule, with dermatan sulfate chains. A minor population of perlecan apparently lacks heparan sulfate chains totally, and some of this is substituted with chondroitin sulfate. The second species is immunologically related to basement membrane-chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (BM-CSPG) and bears chondroitin sulfate chains. No BM-CSPG was detectable which was substituted with heparan sulfate chains. A combination of immunological and molecular approaches, including cDNA cloning, showed that perlecan and BM-CSPG are distinct in core protein structure. Both are, however, basement membrane components, although there are tissue-specific differences in their distribution.

Production of hyaluronan and chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans from human arterial smooth muscle--the effect of glucose, insulin, IGF-I or growth hormone

“…However, some of this increase may have been due to the increased accumulation of the basement membrane material that occurs after hGH supplementation to cultures of arterial smooth muscle cells (32). This arterial basement membrane contains CSPG in the form of perlecan (33,34). Furthermore, the alterations may also be con®ned to changes in the accumulation of biglycan and versican.…”

Maintenance of Human Hepatocyte FunctionIn Vitroby Liver-Derived Extracellular Matrix Gels

“…MG contains the following ECM proteins: laminin, type-IV collagen, entactin, heparan sulfate proteoglycan, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, and ECMbound growth factors. [34][35][36] Laminin, the most abundant ECM protein in MG, is not a major constituent of adult liver ECM. 37,38 Although MG lacks several of ECM proteins found in the liver, such as fibronectin and type-I collagen, it remains a useful substrate for hepatocyte culture.…”

Still More Complexity in Mammalian Basement Membranes

“…Immunostaining with polyclonal antibodies against an expressed fusion protein encoded by the carboxyl sequence of the molecule resulted in localization of the protein to the BM of the vasculature and smooth muscle associated with the organs surveyed. Evidence of additional BM CSPGs has been reported (Couchman et al 1984(Couchman et al ,1996Goode et al 1995). The CSPG family will continue to grow as further cloning of core proteins is carried out.…”

“…Surprisingly, perlecan can be included in this family because it can be secreted in some tissue and cell lines in culture with CS GAG substitution (Hassell et al 1992;Couchman et al 1996;Tapanadechopone et al 1999). Leucine proline-enriched proteoglycan, leprecan, is a recently described novel CSPG (Wassenhove-McCarthy and McCarthy 1999).…”