Permeability of Varnish Films

Payne, Henry Fleming; Gardner, Wm. Howlett

doi:10.1021/ie50332a011

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The data have also shown that all organic films are permeable to moisture. The permeability will vary from an extremely small amount through such nonpolar films as paraffin wax and rubber (20,21,29, 30) to a relatively large quantity through such a film as raw linseed oil.…”

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“…In general, the moisture adsorption of a coating is related to its permeability, but there are many exceptions to this. For example, a short oil-limed rosin varnish will have a high moisture adsorption but a fairly low permeability, but the most striking contrast may be found in shellac which has a very high moisture adsorption and surprisingly low permeability (8,9,20,21). These variations in permeability and moisture adsorption, together with the demand for high water resistance in surface coatings, have made necessary more precise methods for measuring the water sensitivity of a coating under all possible conditions.…”

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Permeability to Moisture of Organic Surface Coatings

Payne¹

1939

Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed.

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Permeability to Moisture of Organic Surface Coatings

Payne¹

1939

Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed.

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“…The film or coating in question is arranged so that one face is in contact with a high-humidity and the other with a low-humidity atmosphere. Under these conditions water is absorbed into one face and, after passing through the film, evaporates from the opposite side (9).…”

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Relation of Permeability to Moisture and Durability of Paint Systems

Kittelberger¹

1938

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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BOUT seven or eight years ago the attention of the paint industry was focused on certain types of unsatisfactory paint service due to early adherence failure. Since a large number of these failures had been traced to abnormal moisture conditions (S), improved priming practices as well as mill and back priming of house siding were suggested as a means of overcoming these troubles. The value of such schemes was assumed to lie largely in their ability to exclude moisture from the wood and to prevent swelling and shrinkage phenomena which were thought to be the source of the difficulties. To test these ideas, an investigation was instituted in which an attempt was made to correlate permeability of paint systems with their ability to prevent these early adherence failures (8). Some of the results obtained in this investigation are being reported because of the recent interest in permeability measurements.A large number of methods and instruments have been proposed for measuring the moisture permeability of paint films. Muckenfuss (6) placed a film spread on paper, wire cloth, or other porous support, over a pan of water and under a dish containing calcium chloride; all parts were sealed with mercury in such a manner that the water had to pass through the film in order to reach the desiccant. Both fresh and exposed coatings were measured in this manner (7). Several years earlier Gardner (2) had evaluated the water-excluding efficiencies of various paints applied to white pine boards by In an investigation of the possible relation between the permeability to moisture and the durability of various priming and three-coat painting systems on wood, it was found that the initial permeability to moisture alone cannot be used as a criterion of the protection rendered by such a system on prolonged exposure. The permeability to moisture of the ordinary multicoat paint system is low and, when weathered, was found not to increase appreciably until breaks in the film enabled moisture to enter the wood. > PERMEABILITY EXPRESSED A S A PERCENTAGE OF THE VALUE FOR UNPAINTED WOO0 0 10 2 0 30 40 50 --< I N 0 I 12.5 NO 3 7.5 NO 4 14.0 a NO 5 7.6 2 NO 6 9.5 n NONE 8.0 m NO I 5.5 w NO 2 6.0 J 2 NO 3 1 . 5 r W NO 4 8.0 K NO 5 6.0 2 NO 6 7.0 U w o. NONE 5.5The higher the number, the greater the failure. The.upper bar in eaeh group shows the initial permeability of the priming coat alone. The other three bars in each group show the permeabilities of three-coat systems consisting of primer and two coats of the same exterior house paint: bar 2, unweathered: bar 3 , weathered 1 year; bar 4, weathered 2 years.

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Permeation von flüssigem wasser bei eingetauchten, gefüllten polymerfilmen

Funke

Hilt

1968

Angew. Makromol. Chem.

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SUMMARY:The permeation rate of water in fully immersed, filled polymer films considerably exceeded that in films, of which one side adjoined water-saturated air or liquid water and the other dry air. This result may be explained by a preferential permeation in water-filled interspaces between the filler and the polymer matrix.In case of immersed alkyd resin films the permeation rate a t first increased with rising pigment concentration and then tended to decrease at higher concentrations. On the other hand with different water concentration adjoining both sides of the film, the permeation rate steadily decreased with rising pigment concentration. There is some evidence that under these conditions a dry boundary layer exists at the downstream side in which no interspaces may be formed a t the inner phase boundaries. This layer therefore acts as the main barrier against water permeation.

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Permeability of Varnish Films

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Permeability to Moisture of Organic Surface Coatings

Permeability to Moisture of Organic Surface Coatings

Relation of Permeability to Moisture and Durability of Paint Systems

Permeation von flüssigem wasser bei eingetauchten, gefüllten polymerfilmen

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