Permitting immoral behaviour: A generalized compensation belief hypothesis

Wang, Xijing; Chen, Zhansheng; Tongeren, Daryl R. Van; DeWall, C. Nathan; Yang, Fan

doi:10.1111/bjop.12593

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…We aimed for 2.5 times the base size (i.e., 250 male participants) for Studies 3–4, given the planned mediation analysis. For experimental Study 5, following prior studies (e.g., Wang et al, 2021, 2022), we aimed for 100 participants per condition. Across all studies, we intentionally oversampled in a single wave of data collection to account for potential dropouts.…”

Section: Sample Size Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Relative Deprivation Increases Men's (but Not Women's) Hostile Sexism: The Mediating Role of Sense of Control

Teng

Wang

et al. 2022

Psychology of Women Quarterly

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Hostile sexism is a blatant and explicit form of sexism consisting of antagonistic attitudes toward women. We hypothesized that men's personal relative deprivation, a subjectively perceived disadvantage, would predict their hostile sexism toward women. In addition, we expected that, if this effect occurs, a sense of control would act as a mediator. Five studies ( N = 1352) confirmed these hypotheses. Study 1 showed that personal relative deprivation predicted hostile sexism only for men, but not for women among Chinese college students. In addition, we observed the effect of personal relative deprivation only on hostile sexism, but not on benevolent sexism. Study 2, which employed participants from the United States, directly replicated the findings of Study 1. Studies 3 and 4 further showed that a sense of control acted as a mediator in this process. As such, increased hostile sexism attitude (Study 3) and hostile sexism behavior (Study 4) predicted by personal relative deprivation could result from a reduced sense of control. Study 5 further provided causal evidence that a temporarily induced state of personal relative deprivation resulted in a higher level of hostile sexism via a reduced sense of control. We discuss theoretical and practical implications for relative deprivation, gender inequality, and interventions.

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Section: Sample Size Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Relative Deprivation Increases Men's (but Not Women's) Hostile Sexism: The Mediating Role of Sense of Control

Teng

Wang

et al. 2022

Psychology of Women Quarterly

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, people compare their attitudes to those of others and might even adjust them based on their perceived similarities (Adolphs, 2003;Heider, 1958;Hovland et al, 1957) or the number of agents that are involved (Bower, 1961). Further, the setting in which interactions between two agents occur and how they manifest can affect our judgment of those individuals (Wang et al, 2023;Yang et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturalistic Generative Narratives Reveal Effects of Social Characteristics on Decision-Making

Wong,

Williams,

Williams

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The social characteristics of others can powerfully influence our decisions. They can also be broadly impacted by the social context in which these choices are made, making the effects of these characteristics on decision-making especially challenging to understand. Here, we developed a Generative Narrative Approach that provided participants with naturalistic scenarios that richly varied in social context and theme but that also systematically varied the characteristics of the social agents involved. After validating this approach using feeling thermometer measures, we find that the emotional states of others had the strongest and most consistent effect on the participants’ choices. More notably, whereas most characteristics had independent effects on decision-making, social features such as the inferred socioeconomic status of others significantly influenced the effect that race had on the participant’s judgments. Moreover, the social context of the agent’s interactions with other agents had a significant additive effect, especially when the emotional states of the agents in the scenarios contrasted. The influence of these characteristics on the participants’ choices was also markedly affected by their demographics, especially when contrasting with that of the agents involved, and were often driven by the participants' reported political views. Together, these findings reveal how the mixture of social characteristics, context, and personal views influence decision-making and highlight the use of naturalistic generative narrative approaches in studying human behavior.

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Naturalistic generative narratives reveal effects of social characteristics on decision-making

Wong,

Williams,

Williams

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionThe social characteristics of others can powerfully influence our decisions. They can also be broadly impacted by the social context in which these choices are made, making the effects of these characteristics on decision-making especially challenging to understand.MethodsHere, we developed a Generative Narrative Survey that provided participants with naturalistic scenarios that richly varied in social context and theme but that also systematically varied the characteristics of the social agents involved, followed by a question. An example of this narrative is “You’re a tourist, and you are trying to take a picture of yourself with your phone. A black male comes up to you and offers to take the photo for you. Do you hand them your phone?”ResultsAfter validating this approach using feeling thermometer measures, we found that the emotional states of others had the strongest and most consistent effect on the participants’ choices. More notably, whereas most characteristics had independent effects on decision-making, social features such as the inferred socioeconomic status of others significantly influenced the effect that race had on the participant’s judgments. Moreover, the social context of the agent’s interactions with other agents had a significant additive effect, especially when the emotional states of the agents in the scenarios contrasted. The influence of these characteristics on the participants’ choices was also markedly affected by their demographics, especially when contrasting with that of the agents involved, and were often driven by the participants’ reported political views.DiscussionTogether, these findings reveal how the mixture of social characteristics, context, and personal views influence decision-making and highlight the use of naturalistic generative narrative surveys in studying human behavior.

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Permitting immoral behaviour: A generalized compensation belief hypothesis

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Personal Relative Deprivation Increases Men's (but Not Women's) Hostile Sexism: The Mediating Role of Sense of Control

Personal Relative Deprivation Increases Men's (but Not Women's) Hostile Sexism: The Mediating Role of Sense of Control

Naturalistic Generative Narratives Reveal Effects of Social Characteristics on Decision-Making

Naturalistic generative narratives reveal effects of social characteristics on decision-making

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