Perovskite‐Based Phototransistors and Hybrid Photodetectors

Abstract

In the past several years, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites and all inorganic perovskites have attracted enormous research interest in a variety of optoelectronic applications including solar cells, light-emitting diodes, semiconductor lasers, and photodetectors for their plenty of appealing electrical and optoelectrical properties. Benefiting from the inherent amplification function of transistors and the pronounced photogating effect, perovskite-based phototransistors and hybrid photodetectors can provide very high photoresponsivity and gain, rendering them highly promising for some specific applications especially ultrasensitive light detection. A review on the recent progress of phototransistors and hybrid photodetectors using perovskites as light-sensitive materials is presented. The efforts and development in 3D and 2D perovskite-based phototransistors, and perovskite/functional material (e.g., graphene, 2D semiconductors, organic semiconductors, and other semiconductors) heterojunctionbased hybrid photodetectors are introduced and discussed systematically. Some processing techniques for optimizing device performance are also addressed. In the final section, a conclusion of the research achievements is presented and possible challenges as well as outlook are provided to guide future activity in this research field.

Enhanced Performance of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Induced by Van Der Waals Epitaxial Growth of Mixed Perovskite Films on WS2 Flakes

“…[ 6–8 ] Moreover, the film quality of perovskites such as the grain size and orientation can greatly influence their optoelectronic properties, such as carrier lifetime and mobility, and hence the performance of resultant PSCs. [ 9–11 ] Some strategies have been developed to control the growth of perovskite films. For example, Cho et al.…”

Improving Performance of Nonvolatile Perovskite‐Based Photomemory by Size Restrain of Perovskites Nanocrystals in the Hybrid Floating Gate

“…In the past decade, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have emerged as a revolutionary material for the optoelectronic community. [1,2] This class of material has a common chemical formula of ABX 3 , where A denotes an organic or inorganic (e.g., methylammonium (MA), formamidinium (FA), cesium, or rubidium) cation, B denotes a divalent metal (e.g., lead or tin) cation, and X denotes a monovalent halide (e.g., Cl, Br, I, or their mixtures) anion. [3] Thus, the bandgap of this class of material can be easily tuned by changing their composition, enabling wide absorption window varied from UV-vis to near-infrared region and a wide range of light-emitting colors.…”

“…[1,2] This class of material has a common chemical formula of ABX 3 , where A denotes an organic or inorganic (e.g., methylammonium (MA), formamidinium (FA), cesium, or rubidium) cation, B denotes a divalent metal (e.g., lead or tin) cation, and X denotes a monovalent halide (e.g., Cl, Br, I, or their mixtures) anion. [3] Thus, the bandgap of this class of material can be easily tuned by changing their composition, enabling wide absorption window varied from UV-vis to near-infrared region and a wide range of light-emitting colors. [4,5] Furthermore, as compared with the inorganic compeers that usually need high-temperature annealing or high-vacuum processing, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites possess low-temperature solution processability and could be processed in air while can preserve good semiconducting properties.…”

Bromine Doping of MAPbI3 Films Deposited via Chemical Vapor Deposition Enables Efficient and Photo‐Stable Self‐Powered Photodetectors

“…Notably, there are no reports on the long‐term photostability of perovskite photodetectors under ambient conditions. [ 1–4,13–15 ] Initially, our photodetectors illuminated with red light (λ = 632 nm) at an intensity of 152.8 µW cm −2 (the condition at which their responsivity was highest) exhibited consistently similar photoresponse properties throughout an illumination time of 24 h ( Figure a). In addition to their operational stability, the present study also examined the device photostability under solar illumination (AM1.5–100 mW cm −2 ) and ambient conditions for as long as 500 h. After specific intervals of exposure time, the photocurrent was measured with red light (λ = 632 nm) at an intensity of 152.8 µW cm −2 (the condition at which the responsivity was highest), and the results are shown in Figure 6b,c.…”

“…Rapid advancement in the fabrication methods for 3D hybrid perovskite photodetectors (PDs) has resulted in outstanding figures of merit in addition to improvement in device stability. [ 1,2 ] In particular, responsivity and detectivity levels of perovskite photodetectors have exceeded those of conventional photodetector technologies (e.g., silicon‐based) under an applied bias. [ 3–6 ] Interest in self‐powered photodetectors has recently surged due to prospects for the commercialization of portable and wearable applications that can operate without power consumption.…”