Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Pemberlakuan Social Distancing Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Sebagai Implementasi Modal Sosial

Abstract

Abstract– The purpose of this study is to analyze and explain public perceptions of the implementation of social distancing during the pandemic as the implementation of social capital. This study was motivated by the phenomenon of the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in a number of countries, including Indonesia. This condition not only affects the economic condition of a country, hinders social interaction among the community, and also has an impact on the health condition of every human being. To avoid the wider spread of Covid-19, the government was forced to adopt social distancing and physical distancing policies in the form of staying at home, working from home, studying, and worshiping at home. This research approach is descriptive qualitative. The data of this research is the impact of social distancing for the community in Tarogong Kidul District, Garut Regency. Sources of data come from several communities with a total of 50 respondents. Collecting data in this study using interview techniques, record, and continue to take notes. The results of the research can be concluded that with the implementation of social distancing in the pandemic period, at least the community can implement social capital which includes informal values ​​or norms that are shared among members of an interrelated community group, which is based on the values ​​of beliefs, norms and networks social and they respect each other, the development of social capital is the creation of increasingly independent groups of people who are able to participate more meaningfully. Social capital can solve citizens' problems, especially with regard to strengthening friendship, repairing and maintaining public service facilities because it has advantages and is the most appropriate, even though there are other social capital in the community.
 Abstrak– Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan Persepsi masyarakat terhadap pemberlakuan social distancing di masa pandemi sebagai implementasi modal sosial. Kajian ini dilatar belakangi oleh fenomena merebaknya pandemik Covid-19 di sejumlah negara, termasuk pula di Indonesia. Kondisi ini tidak hanya berdampak pada kondisi perokonomian suatu negara, menghambat interaksi sosial di kalangan masyarakat, serta juga memiliki dampak terhadap kondisi kesehatan setiap manusia. Untuk menghindari penyebaran Covid-19 yang lebih luas, pemerintah terpaksa mengambil kebijakan pembatasan sosial (social distancing) dan pembatasan kontak fisik (physical distancing) berupa tinggal di rumah, bekerja dari rumah, belajar, dan beribadah di rumah. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini adalah dampak adanya social distancing bagi masyarakat di Kecamatan Tarogong Kidul Kabupaten Garut. Sumber data berasal dari beberapa masyarakat berjumlah 50 responden. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara, rekam, dan dilanjutkan catat. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan adanya Pemberlakuan Social Distancing Di Masa Pandemi setidaknya masyarakat dapat mengimplementasikan Modal Sosial yang meliputi nilai atau norma-norma informal yang dimiliki bersama diantara para anggota suatu kelompok masyarakat yang saling terkait, yang didasarkan pada nilai kepercayaan, norma, dan jaringan sosial dan mereka saling menghargai, pengembangan modal sosial adalah terciptanya kelompok masyarakat yang semakin mandiri, yang mampu berpartisipasi secara lebih berarti. Modal sosial dapat menyelesaikan permasalah warga terutama berkenaan dengan penguatan tali silaturahim, perbaikan dan pemeliharaan sarana pelayanan publik karena memiliki kelebihan dan paling sesuai, meskipun pada komunitas tersebut terdapat modal sosial lain.

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Social Capital in Covid-19 Pandemic Period in Indonesia: Literature Review of Social Capital Implementation

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