Persistence &amp; transport of flowering stimulus in Xanthium

Searle, Norman E.

doi:10.1104/pp.36.5.656

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The concept, as before, is based on the fact that plant leaves exposed to unfa vorable day-length conditions form substances which inhibit flowering (67,169,171,186). However, the inhibition of flowering under the influence of metabolites formed in leaves under unfavorable day-length condition can not prove per se that these metabolites are inhibitors of flowering.…”

Section: Cha Ilakhyanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Factors of Plant Flowering

Chaĭlakhyan¹

1968

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

102

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Access provided by 34.215.51.103 on 05/13/18. For personal use only. Quick links to online contentFurther ANNUAL REVIEWS INTERNAL FACTORS OF PLANT FLOWERING1By MIKHAIL KH. CHAILAKHYAN Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Academy of Sciences, MoscowThe individual development or the ontogenesis of plants, which begins with the ovary's fertilization or with formation of an embryonic bud and ends with death, comprises the whole cycle of the plant's life and includes all its life processes. The transition of plants from vegetative growth to flowering, when new progeny develops in tissues of the maternal plant, is the most essential period in ontogenesis. The physiological nature of the transformations which precede and condition the formation and develop ment of floral organs is the main subject of this paper.The morphological picture of flower development, outlined in the theory of metamorphosis by the great poet and botanist Goethe, who thought of a flower as a transformed leaf shoot, is now widely recognized and has been developed by numerous scientists (182). The physiology of processes which precede the development of a flower has not been studied as well; the pic ture is vague and contradictory though the earliest conj ectures go back as far as the second half of the last century. And if anybody were asked to name a phenomenon of plant life where the gap between morphology and physiology is the widest, he would certainly indicate flowering.Sachs's hypothesis (162) on plant-forming and especially on flower-form ing substances, which was first published in 1880, was the earliest concept of the physiological nature of plant flowering. Klebs's theory (95) of the role of the ratio of nutrients appeared much later (in 1918). A new phase in the study of the physiological nature of the flowering phenomenon began immediately. In 1918, Gassner (70) found that winter forms require cold and that they differ in this requirement from spring forms; he discovered the phenomenon of thermo induction in plants while in 1920 Garner & Al lard (69) discovered photoperiodism in plants.During the half century that has passed since that time, the physiology of flowering became enriched with new basic data and with essential theo retical conclusions. These findings have been reviewed in articles regularly published in the Annual Review of Plant Physiology (56,62, lOS,112,116,165,172), in detailed reviews published in the Encyclopedia of Plant Phys iology, Volume 16 (119,139,140,153), as well as in other articles and books (34,76,86,107,166,197,204). The present state of the problem has been fundamentally outlined by Lang (109) An answer to the first question can be found in the realm of phenomena where both genetic factors and plant reactions to environmental conditions play a decisive role. Under common natural conditions,fiowering of seed plants takes place after the formation of vegetative organs or, more pre cisely, after they have passed the young age or juvenile stage. The duration of the juvenile period in many plants dep...

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Section: Cha Ilakhyanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Factors of Plant Flowering

Chaĭlakhyan¹

1968

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

102

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“…Time wvas measured from the beginning of the inductive dark period. A) The metho(l was that previously reported (14). Tvo adjuvanit leaves were retained througlhouit.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants of the so-called continuous-light strain of Xanthium pensylvanicum were grown essentially as described previously, but without decotylizing the newly emerged seedlings (14). Light at 2200 ft-c, temperature at 250, and relative hunmidity at 75 % were maintained within narrow limits throughout the growing and experimental periods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioassay of Floral Stimulus in Xanthium

Searle

1965

Plant Physiol.

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“…Seeds of cocklehur, collected locally, were sown in flats containing sand, on February 2, 1965. Two weeks later, the seedlings were transplanted in 15 cm earthen pots and at the same time the cotyledons were removed to obtain uniform test plants (17). The potted plants were then placed in a growth chamber where the following conditions were maintained: Day length: 18 hours; Day temperature: 25.5°C; Night temperature: 21°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chrysanthemum Plant Extract on Flower Initiation in Short‐Day Plants

Biswas

Paul

Henderson

1966

Physiologia Plantarum

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An extract was prepared from Chrysanthemum plants in flower. It was separated into eight different fractions putting emphasis on the sterol components of the extracts. Fractions 5 and 6 were found to contain active substance (s), which to some extent, brought about floral bud initiation in both Chrysanthemum and Xanthium. The active substance (s) present in the above two fractions might be a sterol (s), similar to those of sitosterol and stigmasterol or other related compounds. Gibberellic acid brought about stem elongation as usual, but was found ineffective in causing any tissue differentiation in both Chrysanthemum and Xanthium. Investigations are underway to separate and identify the different compounds present in fractions 5 and 6. The effects of these compounds on test plants, both individually and in combinations, might provide some valuable information as to the nature of the flowering hormone.

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Persistence & transport of flowering stimulus in Xanthium

Abstract: Contribution a l'etude de la rhizogenese. Neoformation des racines dans les fragments d'hypocotyles d'Impatiens balsamina L. cultives "in vitro". Arch.

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Internal Factors of Plant Flowering

Internal Factors of Plant Flowering

Bioassay of Floral Stimulus in Xanthium

Effect of Chrysanthemum Plant Extract on Flower Initiation in Short‐Day Plants

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