Reticular chemistry has become a powerful tool for scientists to design crystalline porous materials with different fundamental units. [1] Over the past decades, porous materials have gained great attention due to their outstanding performance and wide applications. Among various porous materials, the combination of metal nodes and organic linkers by coordination bonds creates new hybrid porous materials called metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and opens a new window in the design of porous materials.Since the first report on MOFs by Yaghi's group in 1995, [2] more than 100 000 kinds of MOFs have been synthesized according to the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). The unique characteristics, including tunable porosity, customized chemical composition, large specific surface area, and easy functionalization, make MOFs promising candidates for numerous applications in diverse fields such as gas storage and separation, catalysis, sensing, adsorption, energy, and biomedical sciences. [3] In addition, the large-scale production and commercialization of MOFs began from 2016. [4] For instance, the commercial MOF adsorbent for storage of 1-methylcyclopropene to ripen vegetables and fruits was driven to the market. [5] The Numat's ION-X gas cylinder was designed based on the MOF adsorbent to store hazardous gases for semiconductor industry, showing significant advantages over traditional adsorbents. [3a] Apart from the commercialization in gas storage, the MOF-303-based apparatus has been used to collect water in the desert. [6] Despite the advantages of MOFs, the wide application of MOFs has led to environmental health risks. The accidental release of MOF particles into the environment from their bulk-products is inevitable during the lifecycle of MOFs. The deposition, decomposition, and distribution of released MOFs in environmental media could result in the exposure to humans and other organisms, inducing various biological effects. In addition, the intentional administration of MOFs in biomedicine (such as bioimaging, drug delivery system) also leads to the exposure risks to humans. Under these circumstances, the environmental health risks of MOFs are unavoidable.The toxicity of MOFs plays an important role in their health risk assessment. Compared with in vivo and ex vivo toxicity assessments, in vitro toxicity evaluation based on cell culture is low cost, fast, and high throughput, making it an ideal model in toxicity research. As the basic unit in organism, cells play an important role in life activity. The toxic effects on cells would affect their function and therefore induce significant response