Persistence of 2, 4-D, 2, 4, 5-T and dicamba in a dykeland soil

Stewart, D. K. R.; Gaul, Sonia O.

doi:10.1007/bf01686069

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Since the decomposition rate increases with temperature, ethephon can decompose fast in south China where the temperature can reach 40 °C in summer. By contrast, the residues of 2, 4-D and dicamba can last for several days to several months in soil2829. (3) Ethephon can totally kill the roots of Ipomoea cairica , thereby preventing their re-growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel role of ethephon in controlling the noxious weed Ipomoea cairica (Linn.) Sweet

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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Several auxin herbicides, such as 2, 4-D and dicamba, have been used to eradicate an exotic invasive weed Ipomoea cairica in subtropical China, but restraining the re-explosion of this weed is still a challenge. Since ethylene is one of the major intermediate functioning products during the eradication process, we explored the possibility, mechanism and efficiency of using ethephon which can release ethylene to control Ipomoea cairica. The results of the pot experiment showed that 7.2 g /L ethephon could totally kill Ipomoea cairica including the stems and roots. The water culture experiment indicated that ethephon released an abundance of ethylene directly in leaves and caused increases in electrolyte leakage, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), abscisic acid (ABA) and H2O2 and decreases in chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity, finally leading to the death of Ipomoea cairica. The field experiment showed that the theoretical effective concentration of ethephon for controlling Ipomoea cairica (weed control efficacy, WCE = 98%) was 4.06 g/L and the half inhibitory concentration (I50) was 0.56 g/L. More than 50% of the accompanying species were insensitive to the phytotoxicity of ethephon. Therefore, ethephon is an excellent alternative herbicide for controlling Ipomoea cairica.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel role of ethephon in controlling the noxious weed Ipomoea cairica (Linn.) Sweet

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…Although dicamba was not readily lost from the soil systems employed in that study, more rapid dicamba biodegradation was observed in other, similar studies. Stewart and Gaul (1977) observed a 95% loss of dicamba in 42 days on Canadian dykland soil. This indicates a calculated loss of2 .3% dicamba/day.…”

Section: E) Dicambamentioning

confidence: 94%

Fate and persistence of aquatic herbicides

Reinert¹,

Rodgers

1987

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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“…dIsooctyl ester of 2,4-0. eOay zero 2,4-0 concentration was not determinedby Stewart and Gaul (1977) but estimated for this review on the basis of OA05 ha ofloam to a depth of 17.8 cm weighing 9.08 x 10' kg (Klingman and Ashton 1975).…”

Section: Persistence and Degradation Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Stewart and Gaul (1977) and Sattar and Paasivirta (1980) obtained composite soil samples, and two cores of soil were obtained from a randomly selected sub-plot (2 m x 2 m) within each treatment area (2 m x 30 m) and pooled for analysis (Thompson et al 1984).…”

Section: Persistence and Degradation Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This varied from 2 cm (Nash and Beall 1980) to 20 cm (Loos et al 1979;Parker andDoxtader 1982, 1983). Only Wilson and Cheng (1976), Stewart and Gaul (1977), Nash and Beall (1980), and Thompson et al (1984) mentioned how the samples were removed from the soil, namely, by core-sampling. Sandmann (1986) sampled sugarcane rhizosphere and control soils aseptically, by flame-sterilizing the sampler with 70% ethanol immediately before sampling.…”

Section: Persistence and Degradation Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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