2019
DOI: 10.1038/s41370-019-0132-7
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Persistence of indoor permethrin and estimation of dermal and non-dietary exposure

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Cited by 17 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Neurobehavioral study suggested that pyrethroids block sodium chloride and GABA channels, which inhibit transfer of neurotransmitters between cells (Cao et al, 2011; Richardson et al, 2019). Permethrin was reported against Laccophilus minutus (Touylia et al, 2019) and in humans it is absorbed through dermal and non-dietary entry points (Nakagawa et al, 2019). Cypermethrin, allethrin, cis / trans permethrin and deltamethrin modified the strength and behavior of tested organisms, whereas decreased grip strength was noted after pyrethrum, cypermethrin, bifenthrin, β-cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, S-bioallethrin, and permethrin treatments.…”
Section: Hazardous Effects Of Pyrethroidsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Neurobehavioral study suggested that pyrethroids block sodium chloride and GABA channels, which inhibit transfer of neurotransmitters between cells (Cao et al, 2011; Richardson et al, 2019). Permethrin was reported against Laccophilus minutus (Touylia et al, 2019) and in humans it is absorbed through dermal and non-dietary entry points (Nakagawa et al, 2019). Cypermethrin, allethrin, cis / trans permethrin and deltamethrin modified the strength and behavior of tested organisms, whereas decreased grip strength was noted after pyrethrum, cypermethrin, bifenthrin, β-cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, S-bioallethrin, and permethrin treatments.…”
Section: Hazardous Effects Of Pyrethroidsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although pyrethroids are considered relatively safe to humans due to their low mammalian toxicity [ 2 , 8 , 9 ], a growing body of evidence raises concerns about the safety of pyrethroids [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ] and adjuvants [ 18 ] contained in HPPs. Therefore, modern HPPs are not entirely safe, especially since they are mostly sold as high-exposure applications such as spray cans and pest bombs [ 5 ] and since pyrethroids are relatively stable and persistent in indoor environments [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Moreover, pesticides tend to settle on indoor surfaces and in dust that accumulates both in and around the house [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…( 13 ) Although pyrethroids are believed to have low environmental persistence compared to other classes of pesticides, pyrethroid residues have a relatively higher degree of persistence in the indoor environment because there is minimal exposure to the three primary degrading factors found outside: UV radiation from sunlight, hydrolysis associated with water, and microbial degradation in soil. ( 14 16 ) Nakagawa et al showed that permethrin, a common pyrethroid, persisted on residential surfaces for 112 days (the entire study period) in concentrations up to 61.7% of the initial concentration( 17 ) and Shin et al showed that permethrin persisted in the indoor environment for up to 3.8 years. ( 18 ) Therefore, the home may become a reservoir for pyrethroid exposures.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%