Persistence of porcine rubulavirus in experimentally infected boars

Rivera-Benitez, José Francisco; Martínez-Bautista, Rebeca; Pérez‐Torres, Armando; García-Contreras, Adelfa del Carmen; Reyes‐Leyva, Julio; Hernández, Jesús; Ramírez‐Mendoza, Humberto

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.10.037

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the latter case of persistently infected individuals, theoretical models have shown such individuals would greatly contribute to population-level persistence of henipaviruses (Plowright et al 2011). Recrudescent henipavirus infection has already been suggested to occur in humans and Pteropus bats (Rogers et al 1996;Tan et al 2002;Sohayati et al 2011), and another paramyxovirus (Porcine rubulavirus) is known to persist in the male reproductive tract of pigs for over 4 months (Rivera-Benitez et al 2013). Also, but speculatively, if vertical infection did occur (although no evidence was found in this study), infected neonates might become immunotolerant to henipaviruses and continue lifelong excretion in a manner similar to Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (Potgieter 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral antibody dynamics in a chiropteran host

Baker

Suu‐Ire

Barr

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Bats host many viruses that are significant for human and domestic animal health, but the dynamics of these infections in their natural reservoir hosts remain poorly elucidated.In these, and other, systems, there is evidence that seasonal life-cycle events drive infection dynamics, directly impacting the risk of exposure to spillover hosts. Understanding these dynamics improves our ability to predict zoonotic spillover from the reservoir hosts.To this end, we followed henipavirus antibody levels of >100 individual E. helvum in a closed, captive, breeding population over a 30-month period, using a powerful novel antibody quantitation method.We demonstrate the presence of maternal antibodies in this system and accurately determine their longevity. We also present evidence of population-level persistence of viral infection and demonstrate periods of increased horizontal virus transmission associated with the pregnancy/lactation period.The novel findings of infection persistence and the effect of pregnancy on viral transmission, as well as an accurate quantitation of chiropteran maternal antiviral antibody half-life, provide fundamental baseline data for the continued study of viral infections in these important reservoir hosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral antibody dynamics in a chiropteran host

Baker

Suu‐Ire

Barr

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Ecology

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“…Also viral mRNA was identified by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in semen samples 5 and 48 days PI and in testis and epididymis between 64 and 142 days PI. However, no infectious virus was detected in the semen of three of the nine infected pigs ( 41 ). In other studies of experimental inoculation of young hybrid boars, inflammation and oedema of the testis and epididymis was shown 15 days after inoculation.…”

Section: Clinical Studies and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The presence of viral mRNA in the epididymis tissue suggested that PorPV can be transmitted via infected semen as a potential source of virus that can infect sows ( 46 , 55 ). In fact, it has been shown that it is possible to isolate PorPV from semen (5–48 days), testicles, and epipidymis (64–142 days) from experimentally infected boars ( 41 ).…”

Section: Field Studies On Viral Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical symptoms, necropsy findings, and histopathological changes can often provide an insight into the aetiology of the disease. Currently different methods have been used for the diagnosis of PorPV infection, including serological tests and virus isolation ( 40 , 41 , 46 , 56 , 57 ). The virus has been shown to be able to grow in many different cells including pig kidney cells with typical syncytial formation, demonstrating fusion activity ( 1 ).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common serological method for diagnosis is hemagglutination inhibition test. Other serological techniques frequently used are indirect fluorescent antibody, serum-virus neutralisation ( 40 , 41 , 46 , 57 ) and a blocking ELISA ( 46 , 54 , 57 ). Classical PCR technologies have been used for different research purposes 16 , 41 , 46 ), and a real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method specific to PorPV has been developed for PorPV to study epidemiology aspects of the disease ( 58 , 59 ).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular and epidemiological studies ofPorcine rubulavirusinfection – an overview

Cuevas-Romero

Blomström

Berg

2015

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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Porcine rubulavirus-La Piedad-Michoacan-Mexico virus (PorPV-LPMV) was identified as the causative agent of a viral disease that emerged spontaneously in Mexican swine in the 1980s. Since the report of the initial outbreak of the disease, only one full-length genome from a strain isolated in 1984 (PorPV-LPMV/1984) has been sequenced; sequence data are scarce from other isolates. The genetic variation of this virus that has spread throughout the main endemic region of Mexico is almost a complete mystery. The development of molecular techniques for improved diagnostics and to investigate the persistence, molecular epidemiology, and the possible reservoirs of PorPV are needed. Together, this will provide greater knowledge regarding the molecular genetic changes and useful data to establish new strategies in the control of this virus in Mexico.

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Lipopolysaccharide‐induced expression of FAS ligand in cultured immature boar sertoli cells through the regulation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and miR‐187

Wang

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2015

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces germ cell apoptosis, but its mechanism of action is not clear. One possibility is that LPS regulates the expression of FAS ligand (FASLG) in Sertoli cells, which will then influence germ cell apoptosis. In this study, LPS reduced the viability of cultured, immature boar Sertoli cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner; enhanced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α (TNFA), interleukin-1β (IL1B), nitric oxide (NO), and transforming growth factor-β (TGFB); and increased the expression of FASLG in a dose-dependent manner. While 10 μg/ml LPS enhanced the expression of FASLG, reduced cell cycle progression, and impaired the ultrastructure of Sertoli cells, this dose did not induce apoptosis. LPS also had no effect on the activity or expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 or 9 (MMP2 or MMP9). In contrast, the expression of ssc-miR-187 increased following LPS challenge, and inhibition of ssc-miR-187 blocked LPS-induced expression of FASLG. Our results therefore suggest that LPS reduces the viability of and enhances FASLG expression in cultured, immature boar Sertoli cells through elevated secretion of TNFA, IL1B, NO, and TGFB as well as through the regulation of ssc-miR-187 potency.

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Persistence of porcine rubulavirus in experimentally infected boars

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Viral antibody dynamics in a chiropteran host

Viral antibody dynamics in a chiropteran host

Molecular and epidemiological studies ofPorcine rubulavirusinfection – an overview

Lipopolysaccharide‐induced expression of FAS ligand in cultured immature boar sertoli cells through the regulation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and miR‐187

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