Persistent <i><scp>R</scp>hodococcus equi</i> infection in a renal transplant patient: case report and review of the literature

Menon, Vivek; Gottlieb, Thomas; Gallagher, Martin; Cheong, Elaine

doi:10.1111/tid.12008

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…5 A recent review of the literature has reported a total of 41 cases of R. equi infection in solid-organ transplant patients, 24 of which occurred in kidney transplants, 7 in hearts, 3 in livers and 6 in others. 6 In contrast to the majority of cases in the literature, our patient did not express any pulmonary involvement, instead showing only soft tissue and subcutaneous multiple abscesses. In our case the blood cultures always remained negative and the R. equi was isolated to the abscess liquid specimens only.…”

Section: R Equi (Previously Known As Corynebacterium Equi)contrasting

confidence: 95%

Untitled

Varotti

Barabani²,

Dodi³

et al. 2016

Exp Clin Transplant

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Rhodococcus equi is a well-recognized pathogen in veterinary medicine that can also affect immunocompromised human subjects. The most common clinical features in humans include necrotizing pneumonia with subacute pulmonary disease, progressive cough, chest pain and fever. We report a case of a 49-year-old kidney transplant patient who developed a Rhodococcus equi infection characterized by multiple abscesses of the soft tissues and muscles without any respiratory manifestation. Combining specific antibiotic therapy and surgical management of the abscesses without immunosuppression discontinuation led to a complete recovery of both patient and graft.

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Section: R Equi (Previously Known As Corynebacterium Equi)contrasting

confidence: 95%

Untitled

Varotti

Barabani²,

Dodi³

et al. 2016

Exp Clin Transplant

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“…In a review of 2012, infection with Rhodococcus occurred mostly in immunosuppressed transplant recipients receiving a triple therapy including steroids, azathioprine or mycophenolate and a CNI. The delay between transplantation and Rhodococcus pneumonia was 3 years (3 months-19 years) [45]. Generally the disease tends to follow a subacute course with progressive cough, pleuritic chest pain, and fever often accompanied by cachexia, weight loss and fatigue.…”

Section: Rhodococcus Equimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bacteria can be isolated from blood cultures (25% of transplant recipients have a concomitant bacteremia). Culture of sputum is positive in only 20% and should be held for more than 48 h [45]. Often the diagnosis needs bronchoalveolar lavage or biopsy.…”

Section: Rhodococcus Equimentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients

Wilmes

Coche

Rodríguez-Villalobos

et al. 2018

Respiratory Medicine

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Bacterial pathogens are the most frequent cause of pneumonia after transplantation. Early after transplantation, recipients are at higher risk for nosocomial infections. The most commonly encountered pathogens during this period are gram-negative bacilli (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa …), but gram-positive coccus such as Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pneumoniae and anaerobic bacteria can also be found. Empirical antibiotic therapy should be guided by previous colonisation of the recipient and bacterial resistance pattern in the hospital. Six months after transplantation, pneumonias are mostly due to community-acquired bacteria (S. pneumonia, H. influenza, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia and others). Opportunistic pathogens take advantage of the state of immunosuppression which is usually highest from one to six months after transplantation. During this period, but also occurring many years later in the setting of a chronically depressed immune system, bacterial pathogens with low intrinsic virulence can cause pneumonia. The diagnosis of pneumonia caused by opportunistic pathogens can be challenging. The delay in diagnosis preventing the early instauration of adequate treatment in kidney transplant recipients with a depressed immune system, frequently coupled with co-morbid conditions and a state of frailty, will affect prognosis and outcome, increasing morbidity and mortality. This review will focus on the most common opportunistic bacterial pathogens causing pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients: Legionella, Nocardia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis/nontuberculous, and Rhodococcus. Recognition of their specificities in the setting of immunosuppression will allow early diagnosis, crucial for initiation of effective therapy and successful outcome. Interactions with immunosuppressive therapy should be considered as well as reducing immunosuppression if necessary.

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“…Some species also have industrial properties such as bioremediation and bioactive secondary metabolites of medical or industrial interest (Menon, Gottlieb, Gallagher, & Cheong, 2012;Nacoulma, Vandeputte, De Lorenzi, Jaziri, & Duez, 2013;Peng, Yang, Jia, & Li, 2013). It had no insecticidal activity on P. prasina.…”

Section: Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial isolates fromPalomena prasina(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) include potential microbial control agents

Ozsahin

Sezen

Demir

et al. 2014

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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The green shield bug, Palomena prasina (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a pest of deciduous trees and shrubs throughout Turkey and is found in a large variety of habitats, including gardens. We investigated the facultative cultivable bacterial flora of 10 healthy and 5 dead green shield bugs, collected from the vicinity of Trabzon, Turkey, and tested them for insecticidal activity. Based on the conventional and molecular tests, 12 different bacteria were isolated and identified as Curtobacterium sp., Rhodococcus sp., Arthrobacter nicotinovorans, Arthrobacter oxydans, Agrococcus jejuensis, Pseudomonas poae, Raoultella terrigena, Serratia sp., Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila, Bacillus thuringiensis and Microbacterium oxydans. Mortalities due to the application of 0.5 mL of L. sphaericus, B. thuringiensis and R. terrigena at a density of OD 600 1.89 were 60%, 70% and 60%, respectively, on adult P. prasina. This indicates that facultative cultivable bacterial flora isolated from P. prasina have potential for microbial control of this pest.

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Persistent Rhodococcus equi infection in a renal transplant patient: case report and review of the literature

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Untitled

Untitled

Bacterial pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients

Bacterial isolates fromPalomena prasina(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) include potential microbial control agents

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