Persistent left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium, as an isolated anomaly

E ring chromosome with persistent left superior vena cava and hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.

“…Tuchman et al (1956) have described a patient with moderate left ventricular hypertrophy and a left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium, but the haemodynamic burden associated with the right-to-left shunt may well have been the cause of the left ventricular hypertrophy in their case. The increased flow across the mitral valve may be associated with a diastolic flow murmur (Davis, Jordaan, and Snyman, 1959), though none was heard in our patient.…”

Persistent left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium, atrial septal defect, and absence of the coronary sinus. Recognition and surgical correction.

“…Although the true incidence of this anomaly is unknown,1) it has been stated to occur in 2.1-10%2)-4) of patients with congenital heart disease and 0.5% of the general population.5) Persist LSVC draining into the left atrium (LA) has been reported as rare. 6) Atresia and absence of the ostium of the CS in the right atrium (RA) is also rare, particularly so in the absence of a LSVC.7)-15) Among reported instances of termination of LSVC in the LA in which necropsy had been done, infero-posterior type of atrial septal defect (ASD) was the commonest associated congenital abnormality.8), 9) Infero-posterior type of ASD is also an uncommon type of ASD.1O) The studies suggest that when LSVC joins the LA, this vascular anomaly is part of a developmental complex in which abnormal termination of the CS and a defect in the postero-inferior angle of the atrial septum are also a part.11) The purpose of this communication is to report a case with infero-posterior type of ASD. Besides a review of literature, the clinical and hemodynamic studies, surgical correction as well as the postoperative results will be discussed.…”

Multiple Anomalous Venous Systemic Connections in a Case of Atrial Septal Defect Associated with Right Aortic Arch and Spine Deformities

“…The plain chest X-ray may be sug gestive for persistent left superior vena cava if a shadow is seen extending from the upper left border of the aortic arch towards the middle third of the left clavicle [1,6,14]. The final diagnosis of persistent left superior vena cava into the left atrium can only be established by cardiac catheteri zation and/or selective angiocardiography.…”

“…If the left superior vena cava empties into the left atrium it is essen tial to determine whether a right superior vena cava is also present and whether there is adequate communication between the two venae cavae. Accordingly, the left superior vena cava will be either directed into the right atrium or ligated [6], The presence of hepatic venous drainage into the left atrium should not be overlooked. If found, its transposition into the right atrium must be accomplished.…”