Personal exposure to black carbon during commuting in peak and off-peak hours in Shanghai

Li, Bo; Lei, Xiaoning; Xiu, Guangli; Gao, Chi-yuan; Gao, Shuang; Qian, Nisheng

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.088

Cited by 110 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Interestingly, these concentrations in London were comparable to those in São Paulo (Figure 2a). Although these were lower than those measured by de Nazelle et al (2012) in Barcelona, Spain (8.5 μg/m 3 ) and Li et al (2015) in Shanghai (6.6 μg/m 3 ). Our concentrations in Rotterdam were slightly lower to those (3.1 μg/m 3 ) measured by Okokon et al, (2017) in Rotterdam and Dons et al (2012) in the city of Mol, Belgium (3.2-3.6 μg/m 3 ).…”

Section: 1contrasting

confidence: 65%

Impact of route choice and period of the day on cyclists' exposure to black carbon in London, Rotterdam and São Paulo

Brand

Kumar

Damascena

et al. 2019

Journal of Transport Geography

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Section: 1contrasting

confidence: 65%

Impact of route choice and period of the day on cyclists' exposure to black carbon in London, Rotterdam and São Paulo

Brand

Kumar

Damascena

et al. 2019

Journal of Transport Geography

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“…During rush hours, commuters are exposed to high concentrations of traffic-related air pollutants [ 3 ], usually exceeding air quality standards [ 4 ]. Moreover, commuting in rush hours may have the potential to disproportionately contribute to daily exposures, despite the time spent in them being reduced on average to 1.5–2 h per day [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. For these reasons, many studies have been conducted in several cities: the results generally show that motorists and public transport commuters are exposed to higher pollutant levels than cyclists and pedestrians [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Inhaled Dose of Airborne Pollutants during Commuting: Case Study and Application for the General Population

Borghi

Fanti

Cattaneo

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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During rush hours, commuters are exposed to high concentrations and peaks of traffic-related air pollutants. The aims of this study were therefore to extend the inhaled dose estimation outcomes from a previous work investigating the inhaled dose of a typical commuter in the city of Milan, Italy, and to extend these results to a wider population. The estimation of the dose of pollutants inhaled by commuters and deposited within the respiratory tract could be useful to help commuters in choosing the modes of transport with the lowest exposure and to increase their awareness regarding this topic. In addition, these results could provide useful information to policy makers, for the creation/improvement of a mobility that takes these results into account. The principal result outcomes from the first part of the project (case study on a typical commuter in the city of Milan) show that during the winter period, the maximum deposited mass values were estimated in the “Other” environments and in “Underground”. During the summer period, the maximum values were estimated in the “Other” and “Walking (high-traffic conditions)” environments. For both summer and winter, the lowest values were estimated in the “Car” and “Walking (low-traffic conditions)” environments. Regarding the second part of the study (the extension of the results to the general population of commuters in the city of Milan), the main results show that the period of permanence in a given micro-environment (ME) has an important influence on the inhaled dose, as well as the pulmonary ventilation rate. In addition to these results, it is of primary importance to report how the inhaled dose of pollutants can be strongly influenced by the time spent in a particular environment, as well as the subject’s pulmonary ventilation rate and pollutant exposure levels. For these reasons, the evaluation of these parameters (pulmonary ventilation rate and permanence time, in addition to the exposure concentration levels) for estimating the inhaled dose is of particular relevance.

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“…However, such studies often include a large group of subjects with varied exposure to different types of airborne pollutants and often encounter challenges in differentiating potential air pollution‐associated impacts from those from confounding factors such as sun exposure, lifestyle, and social‐economic status. It is well‐documented that mega cities are heavily afflicted by traffic‐derived pollution, with commuters in vehicles such as taxi and bus exposing to significantly higher than general ambient level of particulate matters . Therefore, it is reasonable to focus on people with occupational exposure to different degree of traffic‐derived pollutants in order to establish a more specific association with skin phenotype and biomarkers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic‐derived air pollution compromises skin barrier function and stratum corneum redox status: A population study

Huang

et al. 2019

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Background Since air pollution is only one of many environmental stressors that can affect skin, it has been challenging to identify skin appearance or functional features profoundly affected by chronic exposure to traffic‐derived air pollution. Aims The current population study focused on taxi drivers working in urban and rural areas in order to take advantage of difference in occupational exposure. Methods The skin conditions of 100 middle‐aged male taxi drivers from urban Shanghai and 66 from rural Chongming were measured with facial tape strips were collected for biomarker analyses. Results Trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL) values before and after tape stripping were considerably higher in urban taxi drivers from Shanghai. Contrary to previous studies, there was no apparent detrimental effect on skin wrinkle or pigmentation from traffic pollution, which might be attributed to the higher than general public level of photo‐exposure in this population. At the same time, pollution exposure especially the heavy traffic pollution exposure was found to associate with lower stratum corneum trypsin‐like enzyme activity (SCTE), reduced catalase activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) in tape strips. Conclusion The evidence suggests that traffic‐derived air pollution could deteriorate skin's physical and antioxidant barrier, whereas factors like photo‐exposure can be overwhelming against appearance aging. Therefore, in addition to photoprotection, skin barrier care should be considered for people with high air pollution exposure.

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Personal exposure to black carbon during commuting in peak and off-peak hours in Shanghai

Cited by 110 publications

References 36 publications

Impact of route choice and period of the day on cyclists' exposure to black carbon in London, Rotterdam and São Paulo

Impact of route choice and period of the day on cyclists' exposure to black carbon in London, Rotterdam and São Paulo

Estimation of the Inhaled Dose of Airborne Pollutants during Commuting: Case Study and Application for the General Population

Traffic‐derived air pollution compromises skin barrier function and stratum corneum redox status: A population study

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